Inhibitory Effect of TNF-alpha Produced by Macrophages Stimulated with Grifola frondosa Extract (ME) on the Growth of Influenza A/Aichi/2/68 Virus in MDCK Cells
| Autor: | Yutaka Shimada, Masataka Watanabe, Hiroshi Ochiai, Ryosuke Obi, Katsumi Hayashi, Nobuko Obi, Tatsurou Miyahara, Masahide Takeyama, Katsutoshi Terasawa |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Messenger RNA
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha medicine.medical_treatment Macrophages General Medicine Chick Embryo Biology In vitro Virus Microbiology Cell Line Mice Cytokine Dogs Complementary and alternative medicine Cell culture Influenza A virus Culture Media Conditioned medicine Macrophage Animals Tumor necrosis factor alpha Grifola frondosa Drugs Chinese Herbal Grifola |
| Zdroj: | The American journal of Chinese medicine. 36(6) |
| ISSN: | 0192-415X |
| Popis: | We investigated the inhibitory effect of the conditioned medium (CM) from P338D1 (D1) cells, a murine macrophage cell line, stimulated for 10 hours with a fixed dose (100 μg/ml) of the extracts from the fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa (ME) or its ultra filtration-based fractions (MFs), on the growth of influenza A/Aichi/2/68 virus in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Direct addition of ME and 3 kinds of MFs (MF1, MF2 and MF3) to the infected cells had no obvious inhibitory effect. However, virus yields were reduced in the presence of CMs. Notably, the inhibitory effect of the CM prepared by using MF2 (molecular weight of 30 Kd to 100 Kd) was the strongest (28% reduction compared to the control). RT-PCR and ELISA assays showed that the CMs could induce the expression of TNF-α mRNA in D1 cells leading to production of TNF-α, known as an antiviral cytokine. These findings suggest that ME and MFs (especially MF-2) might induce the production of certain factors, including TNF-α, which are responsible for the inhibition of viral growth in vitro. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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