When stimulus-driven control settings compete: On the dominance of categories as cues for control
| Autor: | Abhishek Dey, Julie M. Bugg |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Adolescent Concept Formation Transfer Psychology Experimental and Cognitive Psychology PsycINFO Stimulus (physiology) 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience Executive Function Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Congruence (geometry) Salience (neuroscience) Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Attention Reactive control 05 social sciences Pictorial stimuli Pattern Recognition Visual Reading Animal Dominance Stroop Test Cues Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Psychomotor Performance Stroop effect Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance. 44(12) |
| ISSN: | 1939-1277 |
| Popis: | Stimulus-driven or reactive control refers to the modulation of attention poststimulus onset via retrieval of learned control settings associated with task stimuli. The present study asked which stimulus-driven control setting "wins" the competition when more than 1 is available to guide attention. Utilizing an item-specific proportion congruence manipulation in a picture-word Stroop task, 7 experiments examined competition between item-level and category-level control settings. In Experiment 1, category-level control dominated as evidenced by transfer of control to unique 50% congruent items (exemplars) from biased (33% or 67% congruent) animal categories. In Experiment 2, the dominance persisted-transfer was observed even for inconsistent transfer items (e.g., 83% congruent bird from a 33% congruent bird category). Recategorization of the exemplars prior to the Stroop task (Experiment 3a) successfully shifted the dominance to item-level control as did changing the Stroop task goal (Experiment 4a); however, exposure to the exemplars (Experiment 3b) and individuation training prior to the Stroop task did not (Experiments 3c and 4b). These novel findings suggest category-level control dominates in guiding attention poststimulus onset, but this dominance is dependent on contextual features (i.e., mutable). We propose a salience account of dominance and discuss implications for item-based computational models. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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