Brain changes due to hypoxia during light anaesthesia can be prevented by deepening anaesthesia; a study in rats

Autor: Alain Kalmar, Setayesh R. Tasbihgou, Janine Doorduin, Michel Struys, Anthony Absalom, Regien G. Schoemaker, Mina Netkova
Přispěvatelé: Critical care, Anesthesiology, Peri-operative and Emergency medicine (CAPE), Molecular Neuroscience and Ageing Research (MOLAR), ​Basic and Translational Research and Imaging Methodology Development in Groningen (BRIDGE), Schoemaker lab
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Male
Pulmonology
SURGERY
lcsh:Medicine
NEUROTROPHIC
Piriform Cortex
Hippocampal formation
Hippocampus
Diagnostic Radiology
0302 clinical medicine
030202 anesthesiology
Anesthesiology
Animal Cells
Piriform cortex
Medicine and Health Sciences
Medicine
Anesthesia
lcsh:Science
Hypoxia
Tomography
Neurons
NEUROPROTECTION
Multidisciplinary
biology
Pharmaceutics
Radiology and Imaging
Neurogenesis
Brain
BEHAVIORAL-CHANGES
Hypoxia-Ischemia
Brain
medicine.symptom
Cellular Types
Anatomy
Research Article
Doublecortin Protein
Imaging Techniques
Ischemia
Glial Cells
Neuroimaging
Research and Analysis Methods
03 medical and health sciences
GENERAL-ANESTHESIA
Drug Therapy
Diagnostic Medicine
Neuroplasticity
Medical Hypoxia
Journal Article
Animals
Rats
Wistar
AGENTS
Microglial Cells
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA
business.industry
lcsh:R
FACTOR
Biology and Life Sciences
POSTOPERATIVE COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION
Cell Biology
Hypoxia (medical)
Neuronal Dendrites
medicine.disease
NERVOUS-SYSTEM
Doublecortin
Rats
BDNF
Cellular Neuroscience
Positron-Emission Tomography
biology.protein
lcsh:Q
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Positron Emission Tomography
NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR
Neuroscience
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, 13(2):e0193062. PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PLOS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 2, p e0193062 (2018)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: In anaesthetic practice the risk of cerebral ischemic/hypoxic damage is thought to be attenuated by deep anaesthesia. The rationale is that deeper anaesthesia reduces cerebral oxygen demand more than light anaesthesia, thereby increasing the tolerance to ischemia or hypoxia. However, evidence to support this is scarce. We thus investigated the influence of light versus deep anaesthesia on the responses of rat brains to a period of hypoxia. In the first experiment we exposed adult male Wistar rats to deep or light propofol anaesthesia and then performed [18F]- Fludeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans to verify the extent of cerebral metabolic suppression. In subsequent experiments, rats were subjected to light/deep propofol anaesthesia and then exposed to a period of hypoxia or ongoing normoxia (n = 9-11 per group). A further 5 rats, not exposed to anaesthesia or hypoxia, served as controls. Four days later a Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test was performed to assess mood and cognition. After another 4 days, the animals were sacrificed for later immunohistochemical analyses of neurogenesis/neuroplasticity (Doublecortin; DCX), Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) expression and neuroinflammation (Ionized calcium-binding adaptor protein-1; Iba-1) in hippocampal and piriform cortex slices. The hippocampi of rats subjected to hypoxia during light anaesthesia showed lower DCX positivity, and therefore lower neurogenesis, but higher BDNF levels and microglia hyper-ramification. Exploration was reduced, but no significant effect on NOR was observed. In the piriform cortex, higher DCX positivity was observed, associated with neuroplasticity. All these effects were attenuated by deep anaesthesia. Deepening anaesthesia attenuated the brain changes associated with hypoxia. Hypoxia during light anaesthesia had a prolonged effect on the brain, but no impairment in cognitive function was observed. Although reduced hippocampal neurogenesis may be considered unfavourable, higher BDNF expression, associated with microglia hyper-ramification may suggest activation of repair mechanisms. Increased neuroplasticity observed in the piriform cortex supports this, and might reflect a prolonged state of alertness rather than damage.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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