Prenatal exposure to pesticides and risk for holoprosencephaly: a case-control study

Autor: Maximilian Muenke, Beth A. Kozel, Angela Troia, Zoë C. Wong, Robert J. Lipinski, Paul Kruszka, Kristen Malecki, Joshua L. Everson, Yonit A. Addissie
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
lcsh:RC963-969
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Holoprosencephaly
Pregnancy
Risk Factors
Prenatal exposure
Occupational Exposure
medicine
Humans
Pesticides
030304 developmental biology
Retrospective Studies
0303 health sciences
Fetus
Obstetrics
business.industry
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Research
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Case-control study
lcsh:RA1-1270
Odds ratio
Environmental exposure
Environmental Exposure
medicine.disease
Confidence interval
United States
Maternal Exposure
Case-Control Studies
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
lcsh:Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene
Observational study
Female
business
Forebrain defect
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Environmental Health
Environmental Health, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2020)
ISSN: 1476-069X
Popis: Background Pesticide exposure during susceptible windows and at certain doses are linked to numerous birth defects. Early experimental evidence suggests an association between active ingredients in pesticides and holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common malformation of the forebrain in humans (1 in 250 embryos). No human studies to date have examined the association. This study investigated pesticides during multiple windows of exposure and fetal risk for HPE. It is hypothesized that pre-conception and early pregnancy, the time of brain development in utero, are the most critical windows of exposure. Methods A questionnaire was developed for this retrospective case-control study to estimate household, occupational, and environmental pesticide exposures. Four windows of exposure were considered: preconception, early, mid and late pregnancy. Cases were identified through the National Human Genome Research Institute’s ongoing clinical studies of HPE. Similarly, controls were identified as children with Williams-Beuren syndrome, a genetic syndrome also characterized by congenital malformations, but etiologically unrelated to HPE. We assessed for differences in odds of exposures to pesticides between cases and controls. Results Findings from 91 cases and 56 controls showed an increased risk for HPE with reports of maternal exposure during pregnancy to select pesticides including personal insect repellants (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.89, confidence interval (CI): 0.96–9.50) and insecticides and acaricides for pets (aOR 3.84, CI:1.04–16.32). Exposure to household pest control products during the preconception period or during pregnancy was associated with increased risk for HPE (aOR 2.60, OR: 0.84–8.68). No associations were found for occupational exposures to pesticides during pregnancy (aOR: 1.15, CI: 0.11–11.42), although exposure rates were low. Higher likelihood for HPE was also observed with residency next to an agricultural field (aOR 3.24, CI: 0.94–12.31). Conclusions Observational findings are consistent with experimental evidence and suggest that exposure to personal, household, and agricultural pesticides during pregnancy may increase risk for HPE. Further investigations of gene by environment interactions are warranted.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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