Heparan sulfate regulates the number and centrosome positioning of Drosophila male germline stem cells
| Autor: | Takeshi Arashiro, Daniel C. Levings, Hiroshi Nakato |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male endocrine system Germline 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Centrosome positioning Testis Animals Drosophila Proteins Drosophila (subgenus) Molecular Biology Genetics Centrosome biology Stem Cells Tumor Suppressor Proteins fungi Asymmetric Cell Division Cell Biology Heparan sulfate biology.organism_classification Cell biology 030104 developmental biology Drosophila melanogaster Germ Cells chemistry Brief Reports Heparitin Sulfate Stem cell Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Biology of the Cell |
| ISSN: | 1939-4586 1059-1524 |
| Popis: | Heparan sulfate (HS) regulates the number and asymmetric division of germline stem cells (GSCs) in Drosophila testes. Hub-specific HS controls both stem cell number and functioning of the centrosome-anchoring machinery. The results suggest that HS-mediated niche signaling acts upstream of GSC division orientation control. Stem cell division is tightly controlled via secreted signaling factors and cell adhesion molecules provided from local niche structures. Molecular mechanisms by which each niche component regulates stem cell behaviors remain to be elucidated. Here we show that heparan sulfate (HS), a class of glycosaminoglycan chains, regulates the number and asymmetric division of germline stem cells (GSCs) in the Drosophila testis. We found that GSC number is sensitive to the levels of 6-O sulfate groups on HS. Loss of 6-O sulfation also disrupted normal positioning of centrosomes, a process required for asymmetric division of GSCs. Blocking HS sulfation specifically in the niche, termed the hub, led to increased GSC numbers and mispositioning of centrosomes. The same treatment also perturbed the enrichment of Apc2, a component of the centrosome-anchoring machinery, at the hub–GSC interface. This perturbation of the centrosome-anchoring process ultimately led to an increase in the rate of spindle misorientation and symmetric GSC division. This study shows that specific HS modifications provide a novel regulatory mechanism for stem cell asymmetric division. The results also suggest that HS-mediated niche signaling acts upstream of GSC division orientation control. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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