Energy Efficient ${M}$ -ary Frequency-Shift Keying-Based Modulation Techniques for Visible Light Communication
| Autor: | Ali Waqar Azim, Laurent Ros, Ghislaine Maury, Yannis Le Guennec, Antoine Rullier |
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| Přispěvatelé: | GIPSA - Communication Information and Complex Systems (GIPSA-CICS), Département Images et Signal (GIPSA-DIS), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]) |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Discrete mathematics
visible light communication Frequency-shift keying Computer Networks and Communications Computer science frequency-shift keying (FSK) 020206 networking & telecommunications 02 engineering and technology Spectral efficiency Noise (electronics) Euclidean distance Internet-of-Things 020210 optoelectronics & photonics [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing Artificial Intelligence Hardware and Architecture Biorthogonal system Modulation (music) 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Bit error rate Intensity modulation and direct-detection energy efficiency Sign (mathematics) |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking, IEEE, 2019, ⟨10.1109/TCCN.2019.2940260⟩ |
| ISSN: | 2372-2045 2332-7731 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/tccn.2019.2940260 |
| Popis: | In this article, we introduce two variants of energy efficient ${M}$ -ary frequency-shift keying (FSK) for low data rate/low power Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. Both variants, i.e., ${M}$ -ary direct current (DC)-FSK and ${M}$ -ary unipolar (U)-FSK are compatible with intensity-modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) implementation of visible light communication (VLC). The two techniques intrinsically differ in the manner of attaining a non-negative signal for intensity-modulation. ${M}$ -ary DC-FSK uses a DC-offset, while, ${M}$ -ary U-FSK sequentially transmits the positive and the sign flipped negative halves of the bipolar ${M}$ -ary FSK symbols. The spectral efficiencies of ${M}$ -ary DC-FSK and ${M}$ -ary U-FSK are augmented by biorthogonal extension of frequency waveforms resulting in 2 ${M}$ -ary biDC-FSK and 2 ${M}$ -ary biU-FSK, respectively. Two optimal maximum likelihood (ML) receiver configurations with different complexities are introduced for ${M}$ -ary DC-FSK/2 ${M}$ -ary biDC-FSK. Whereas, for ${M}$ -ary U-FSK/2 ${M}$ -ary biU-FSK, an optimal ML and a sub-optimal receiver are proposed. We appraise the performance of these methods in terms of Euclidean distance, bit error rate (BER) in additive white Gaussain noise and time dispersive channels, energy efficiency with respect to spectral efficiency and computational complexity. Simulations confirm that the proposed techniques are more energy efficient than classical ${M}$ -ary pulse-amplitude modulation (PAM) in an absolute sense. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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