The UCLA Population Studies of Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease

Autor: James Sayre, David H. Wegman, Donald P. Tashkin, Roger Detels, Stanley N. Rokaw, Anne H. Coulson, Frank J. Massey
Rok vydání: 1982
Předmět:
Zdroj: Chest. 82:630-638
ISSN: 0012-3692
DOI: 10.1378/chest.82.5.630
Popis: The respiratory status of residents of three areas exposed to (1) photochemical oxidants (Burbank, Calif), (2) sulfur dioxide, particulates, and hydrocarbons (Long Beach, Calif), and (3) low levels of pollutants (Lancaster, Calif) was determined using a modified National Heart and Lung Institute questionnaire, electronic volume spirometric studies, the single-breath nitrogen washout test, and body plethysmographic studies. Each area under study was within 2 km of a monitoring station of the Southern California Air Quality Management District. Seventy to 79 percent of the residents of enumerated households completed testing. Results of retesting a 3 percent probability sample at the Pulmonary Function Laboratory of the University of California, Los Angeles, indicated reasonable repeatability for all tests except the single-breath nitrogen test. Among the three areas, participants from Lancaster, Calif (low pollution), had the greatest number of "best" performance values and the least number of "worst" performance values for the tests. The distribution of best and worst performance among the three areas was similar for current smokers, those who had never smoked, and all participants for each of the tests. Mean test values of dysfunction of the small airways were either slightly better (single-breath nitrogen test) in the two polluted areas or similar (maximal expiratory flow rates at 50 percent and at 75 percent of forced vital capacity below total lung capacity) in all three areas. Mean plethysmographic values (thoracic gas volume, airway resistance, and specific airway resistance) were "worst" in participants from Burbank, Calif (photochemical oxidants); and spirometric values were "worst" in participants from Long Beach, Calif (sulfur dioxide, particulates, and hydrocarbons). Within the limitations of the cross-sectional study design, the results suggest that residence in the two polluted areas is associated with respiratory impairment, primarily of functions of the large airways.
Databáze: OpenAIRE