Snack selection influences glucose metabolism, antioxidant capacity and cholesterol in healthy overweight adults: A randomized parallel arm trial
| Autor: | Shirin Hooshmand, Mee Young Hong, Zachary S. Clayton, Mark Kern, Jennifer Carpenter, Elizabeth Fusco, Lisa Schreiber |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Blood Glucose Male Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism medicine.medical_treatment Overweight Antioxidants chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Insulin Adiposity Nutrition and Dietetics Snacking Prunus domestica Middle Aged Postprandial Period Postprandial Cholesterol Female medicine.symptom Adult medicine.medical_specialty Adipokine 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Carbohydrate metabolism Article 03 medical and health sciences Young Adult Adipokines Internal medicine Hyperinsulinism medicine Humans Obesity Inflammation Analysis of Variance 030109 nutrition & dietetics business.industry Cholesterol LDL Feeding Behavior Nutrients Diet Blood pressure chemistry Hyperglycemia business |
| Zdroj: | Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.). 65 |
| ISSN: | 1879-0739 |
| Popis: | Including carbohydrate/fructose-rich foods (predominantly fruit) in the diets of overweight individuals can improve chronic disease risk factors. We hypothesized dried plums (DP) would improve nutrient consumption, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid and adipokine profiles, and would decrease adiposity and inflammation. To test this, we studied the effects of 8-weeks of twice-daily snacking of macronutrient-matched 100 kcal servings of DP or refined carbohydrate-rich snack (low-fat muffins: LFM) on daily energy and nutrient consumption, and chronic disease risk factors in overweight adults. Body weight/composition, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma glucose, insulin, c-peptide, lipids, TAC, adipokines and inflammation were measured at baseline and throughout the study. Postprandial glucose and insulin were assessed following assigned test foods at baseline and 8-weeks. Repeated measures ANOVAs were undertaken to examine group and time differences. Post-hoc independent and paired samples t-tests were conducted where necessary. DP increased (P < .05) overall intake of dietary fiber and potassium, and TAC, from baseline to 8-weeks. Baseline postprandial glycemia tended (P = .09) to be lower with DP versus LFM, while both groups had a decreased response after 8-weeks. Postprandial insulinemia was lower (P < .05) for DP at both time-points. No differences in body weight/composition, blood pressure, or fasting glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, inflammation or adipokines were detected. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) increased (P < .05) throughout the trial following LFM. Overall, DP lessened postprandial insulinemia, improved nutrient consumption and plasma TAC, and maintained plasma LDL-C compared to a macronutrient-matched refined carbohydrate snack, which could decrease chronic disease risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect