Visualizing in deceased COVID-19 patients how SARS-CoV-2 attacks the respiratory and olfactory mucosae but spares the olfactory bulb
| Autor: | Marc Bourgeois, Yves Debaveye, Tyler Hether, Wout Backaert, Marijke Peetermans, Paul De Munter, Arne Neyrinck, Natalie Lorent, Andrew Nam, Arno Vanstapel, Kato Speleman, Christophe Vandenbriele, Jan Gunst, Mona Khan, Charlotte Lietaer, Marnick Clijsters, Joost Wauters, Dietmar Rudolf Thal, Pauline Van Bulck, Seung-Jun Yoo, Katrien Lagrou, Jason Reeves, Laura Van Gerven, Liuliu Pan, Mark Jorissen, Lukas Marcelis, Sumin Choi, Peter Mombaerts, Hai Zhou |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pathology medicine.medical_specialty olfactory receptor Anosmia Respiratory System coronavirus Sensory system Respiratory Mucosa Biology Article General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Olfactory Receptor Neurons Olfactory mucosa Olfaction Disorders Olfactory Mucosa Parenchyma medicine Humans Glucuronosyltransferase music B.1.1.7 In Situ Hybridization Aged Neurotropic virus leptomeninges olfactory sensory neuron music.instrument Olfactory receptor SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Endoscopy Middle Aged Immunohistochemistry Olfactory Bulb Olfactory bulb Smell Sustentacular cell medicine.anatomical_structure Microscopy Fluorescence olfactory bulb sustentacular cell Female Autopsy medicine.symptom UGT2A1 |
| Zdroj: | Cell |
| ISSN: | 1097-4172 |
| Popis: | Anosmia, the loss of smell, is a common and often the sole symptom of COVID-19. The onset of the sequence of pathobiological events leading to olfactory dysfunction remains obscure. Here, we have developed a postmortem bedside surgical procedure to harvest endoscopically samples of respiratory and olfactory mucosae and whole olfactory bulbs. Our cohort of 85 cases included COVID-19 patients who died a few days after infection with SARS-CoV-2, enabling us to catch the virus while it was still replicating. We found that sustentacular cells are the major target cell type in the olfactory mucosa. We failed to find evidence for infection of olfactory sensory neurons, and the parenchyma of the olfactory bulb is spared as well. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 does not appear to be a neurotropic virus. We postulate that transient insufficient support from sustentacular cells triggers transient olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19. Olfactory sensory neurons would become affected without getting infected. Postmortem samples of respiratory and olfactory mucosa and whole olfactory bulbs are harvested immediately after the death of COVID-19 patients revealing ciliated cells and sustentacular cells but not olfactory sensory neurons as the main target cell types for SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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