Preliminary observations on soluble programmed cell death protein-1 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with patient-specific autologous vaccines
Autor: | Aleksandra J. Poole, Bryce T McLelland, Robert O. Dillman, Gabriel Nistor, Hans S. Keirstead, Andrew N. Cornforth, Candace Hsieh |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Oncology medicine.medical_specialty Programmed cell death dendritic cell vaccines Metastatic melanoma programmed cell death protein -1 (PD-1) law.invention 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Randomized controlled trial law Internal medicine mental disorders Medicine business.industry Melanoma Cancer medicine.disease Immune checkpoint 030104 developmental biology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Biomarker (medicine) business Research Paper metastatic melanoma |
Zdroj: | Oncotarget |
ISSN: | 1949-2553 |
Popis: | Because of its role as an immune checkpoint, levels of soluble programmed cell death protein-1 (sPD-1) could be useful as a prognostic biomarker or predictive biomarker in cancer patients treated with vaccines. Very low levels of sPD-1 may indicate lack of an existing anti-cancer immune response; very high levels may indicate an active immune response that is suppressed. In between these extremes, a decrease in PD-1 following injections of an anti-cancer vaccine may indicate an enhanced immune response that has not been suppressed. Blood samples obtained during a randomized trial in patients with metastatic melanoma were tested from 22 patients treated with a tumor cell vaccine (TCV) and 17 treated with a dendritic cell vaccine (DCV). Survival was better in DCV-treated patients. sPD-1 was measured at week-0, one week before the first of three weekly subcutaneous injections, and at week-4, one week after the third injection. The combination of a very low baseline sPD-1, or absence of a very high PD-1 at baseline followed by a decline in sPD-1 at week-4, was predictive of surviving three or more years in DCV-treated patients, but not TCV-treated. Among DCV-treated patients, these sPD-1 criteria appropriately classified 8/10 (80%) of 3-year survivors, and 6/7 (86%) of patients who did not survive three years. These preliminary observations suggest that sPD-1 might be a useful biomarker for melanoma patients being considered for treatment with this DCV vaccine, and/or to predict efficacy after only three injections, but this would have to be confirmed in larger studies. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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