Geographical patterns of the standing and active human gut microbiome in health and IBD
| Autor: | Ketan Bhagalia, Philip Rosenstiel, Jun Wang, Deepak Amarapurkar, John F. Baines, Ateequr Rehman, Stefan Schreiber, Philipp Rausch, Gediminas Kiudelis, Jurgita Skieceviciene, Stephan J. Ott, Limas Kupčinskas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine Adolescent Beta diversity India Disease Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Human gut Germany RNA Ribosomal 16S Humans Microbiome Intestinal Mucosa Gene Aged Aged 80 and over Clostridium biology Ecology Phylum Microbiota Gastroenterology Clostridium leptum Lithuania Middle Aged Ribosomal RNA Inflammatory Bowel Diseases biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology RNA Ribosomal Evolutionary biology Female |
| Zdroj: | Gut. 65:238-248 |
| ISSN: | 1468-3288 0017-5749 |
| DOI: | 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308341 |
| Popis: | Objective A global increase of IBD has been reported, especially in countries that previously had low incidence rates. Also, the knowledge of the human gut microbiome is steadily increasing, however, limited information regarding its variation on a global scale is available. In the light of the microbial involvement in IBDs, we aimed to (1) identify shared and distinct IBD-associated mucosal microbiota patterns from different geographical regions including Europe (Germany, Lithuania) and South Asia (India) and (2) determine whether profiling based on 16S rRNA transcripts provides additional resolution, both of which may hold important clinical relevance. Design In this study, we analyse a set of 89 mucosal biopsies sampled from individuals of German, Lithuanian and Indian origins, using bacterial community profiling of a roughly equal number of healthy controls, patients with Crohn's disease and UC from each location, and analyse 16S rDNA and rRNA as proxies for standing and active microbial community structure, respectively. Results We find pronounced population-specific as well as general disease patterns in the major phyla and patterns of diversity, which differ between the standing and active communities. The geographical origin of samples dominates the patterns of beta diversity with locally restricted disease clusters and more pronounced effects in the active microbial communities. However, two genera belonging to the Clostridium leptum subgroup, Faecalibacteria and Papillibacter, display consistent patterns with respect to disease status and may thus serve as reliable 'microbiomarkers'. Conclusions These analyses reveal important interactions of patients' geographical origin and disease in the interpretation of disease-associated changes in microbial communities and highlight the added value of analysing communities on both the 16S rRNA gene (DNA) and transcript (RNA) level. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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