Differential toxicity of the UV-filters BP-3 and BP-4 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: A flow cytometric approach
| Autor: | Carmen Rioboo, Marta Seoane, Concepción Herrero, Marta Esperanza, Ángeles Cid |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Chlorophyll a
Environmental Engineering 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Intracellular pH Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cosmetics Wastewater 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Benzophenones chemistry.chemical_compound Toxicity Tests medicine Environmental Chemistry Inner mitochondrial membrane Waste Management and Disposal 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Pollutant biology Flow Cytometry biology.organism_classification Pollution Biochemistry chemistry Chlorophyll Toxicity Sunscreening Agents Water Pollutants Chemical Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Science of The Total Environment. 669:412-420 |
| ISSN: | 0048-9697 |
| Popis: | Due to the concern about the negative effects of exposure to sunlight, UV-filters are being introduced in all kind of cosmetic formulas. Wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove and/or degrade them; consequently they find their way into rivers, lakes and oceans. These chemicals are acquiring a concerning status due to their increasingly common use and the potential risk for the environment. Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) are broad-spectrum UV-filters used for the same purpose in personal care products, insecticides and plastic bags; however, after 96 h of exposure to several concentrations of these UV-filters, the growth of C. reinhardtii was more affected by BP-3 than by BP-4, being the 96 h-EC50 for growth 5 mg L−1 and 38 mg L−1, respectively. Based on these values Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures were exposed during 24 h to 2.5, 5 and 10 mg L−1 of BP-3 and 19, 38 and 76 mg L−1 of BP-4. A cytometric panel was carried out to evaluate the effect of sublethal concentrations of these UV-filters, thus several cytotoxicity biomarkers were analysed, including chlorophyll a fluorescence, viability, metabolic activity, oxidative stress, cytoplasmic and mitochondrial membrane potentials, and intracellular pH. BP-3 and BP-4 affect C. reinhardtii cells in a different way, showing differences for three of the examined parameters. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and mitochondrial membrane potential showed a significant increase (p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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