The Modulation of the Startle Reflex as Predictor of Alcohol Use Disorders in a Sample of Heavy Drinkers: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study
| Autor: | César Ávila, José Ramón López-Trabada, Francisco López-Muñoz, Rosa Jurado-Barba, Jorge Manzanares, Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Arriero, María Salud García-Gutiérrez, Isabel Martínez-Gras, Francisco Navarrete, Gabriel Rubio, Almudena Duque |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Reflex Startle medicine.medical_specialty Alcohol Drinking alcohol consumption Medicine (miscellaneous) Alcohol abuse Alcohol Audiology Toxicology Developmental psychology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine alcohol use disorders startle reflex response Predictive Value of Tests Moro reflex medicine Humans Alcohol dependence Follow up studies Middle Aged medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Alcoholism Psychiatry and Mental health chemistry Predictive variables Aversive Stimulus Psychology Alcoholic Intoxication Alcohol consumption Photic Stimulation 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 41:1212-1219 |
| ISSN: | 0145-6008 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/acer.13399 |
| Popis: | Background Previous studies demonstrated that patients with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) show altered startle reflex responses to alcohol-related stimuli. However, there is little information about the role of these altered responses in the development of AUDs. This study examined the startle reflex response to different visual stimuli and the role of these patterns in the development of AUDs in a 4-year follow-up. Methods Two hundred and thirty-nine (nondependent) heavy-drinking participants were selected. In the baseline period, the startle reflex responses to alcohol-related, aversive, appetitive, and neutral pictures were assessed. Startle reflex responses to these pictures were used as predictive variables. Status drinking (alcohol dependence and nondependence) assessed at 4-year follow-up was used as outcome measure. Results At the 4-year follow-up assessment, 46% of participants fulfilled DSM-IV alcohol abuse or dependence criteria. Alcohol dependence status was predicted by an attenuated startle reflex response to alcohol-related and aversive pictures. Conclusions This study revealed that an attenuated modulation of startle reflex response to alcohol-related and aversive stimuli could be used as a clinical marker to predict the development of AUDs in participants with previous alcohol consumption. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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