A numerical model of birch pollen emission and dispersion in the atmosphere. Description of the emission module
| Autor: | Pilvi Siljamo, Mikhail Sofiev, Alix Rasmussen, Hanna Ranta, Tapio Linkosalo, Jaakko Kukkonen, Auli Rantio-Lehtimäki, Elena Severova, S. Jaeger |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Meteorology Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Population Birch pollen Flowers 010501 environmental sciences medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Wind speed Pollen forecasting Dispersion modelling Atmosphere Pollen Dispersion (optics) medicine Precipitation education Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics Betula 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Air Movements education.field_of_study Original Paper Air Pollutants Ecology Pollen emission Temperature 15. Life on land Atmospheric dispersion modeling Models Theoretical Europe 13. Climate action Turbulence kinetic energy Environmental science Algorithms |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Biometeorology |
| ISSN: | 1432-1254 0020-7128 |
| Popis: | A birch pollen emission model is described and its main features are discussed. The development of the model is based on a double-threshold temperature sum model that describes the propagation of the flowering season and naturally links to the thermal time models to predict the onset and duration of flowering. For the flowering season, the emission model considers ambient humidity and precipitation rate, both of which suppress the pollen release, as well as wind speed and turbulence intensity, which promote it. These dependencies are qualitatively evaluated using the aerobiological observations. Reflecting the probabilistic character of the flowering of an individual tree in a population, the model introduces relaxation functions at the start and end of the season. The physical basis of the suggested birch pollen emission model is compared with another comprehensive emission module reported in literature. The emission model has been implemented in the SILAM dispersion modelling system, the results of which are evaluated in a companion paper. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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