Urinary parabens in adults from South China: Implications for human exposure and health risks
| Autor: | Yingxin Yu, Lap Ah Tse, Li Kang, Suyang Wu, Shengtao Ma, Feng Wang, Wenbo Li, Shaoyou Lu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male China Preservative Acceptable daily intake South china Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Urinary system 0211 other engineering and technologies Parabens Physiology Cosmetics 02 engineering and technology Urine 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Humans Obesity 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies business.industry Preservatives Pharmaceutical Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Environmental Exposure General Medicine Middle Aged medicine.disease Pollution Paraben chemistry Environmental Pollutants Female business Body mass index |
| Zdroj: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 182:109419 |
| ISSN: | 0147-6513 |
| Popis: | Parabens are a kind of preservatives widely used in cosmetic and personal care products and ubiquitously detected in the environment. However, little is known on human exposure to these chemicals. Our study mainly investigated the urinary parabens in adults from South China to evaluate the cumulative risk of paraben exposure. A total of 562 urine samples were collected from adult workers for the determination of methyl paraben (MeP), ethyl paraben (EtP), propyl paraben (PrP), butyl paraben, and benzyl parabens. High detection frequencies (≥98%) were observed for MeP, EtP, and PrP with median concentrations of 8.88, 5.11, and 1.44 μg/L, respectively. Urinary parabens was 4.5–46.2 fold higher in urine of females than those in males. Urinary MeP was associated with alcohol drinking and a history of tumor, while urinary PrP was negatively associated with education levels of the subjects. There were not significant associations between urinary concentrations of parabens and body mass index, which indicated that obesity was not associated with paraben exposure. Also, parabens did not correlate with human dietary habits. Although the total estimated daily intake (TEDI) of the major compound MeP and EtP in adult workers was lower than the acceptable daily intake (ADI), the TEDI of PrP exceed the ADI for a very few subjects, especially for females and low-educated ones, suggesting potential health risks. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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