Evolving Paradigm of Prothrombin Time Diagnostics with Its Growing Clinical Relevance towards Cardio-Compromised and COVID-19 Affected Population

Autor: Ashutosh Bajpai, Anubhuti Saha, Vinay Krishna, Shantanu Bhattacharya
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
medicine.medical_specialty
Population
Review
02 engineering and technology
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
prothrombin time (PT)
lcsh:Chemical technology
Biochemistry
coagulopathy
Analytical Chemistry
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
point of care (PoC)
Coagulopathy
medicine
Humans
international normalized ratio (INR)
lcsh:TP1-1185
Clinical significance
International Normalized Ratio
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Intensive care medicine
education
Instrumentation
Blood coagulation test
Point of care
COVID associated coagulopathy (CAC)
Prothrombin time
education.field_of_study
medicine.diagnostic_test
SARS-CoV-2
business.industry
COVID-19
thromboembolism
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
medicine.disease
Atomic and Molecular Physics
and Optics
Hemostasis
hemostasis
Prothrombin Time
Biomarker (medicine)
Blood Coagulation Tests
0210 nano-technology
business
Zdroj: Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 2636, p 2636 (2021)
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 1424-8220
Popis: Prothrombin time (PT) is a significant coagulation (hemostasis) biomarker used to diagnose several thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications based on its direct correlation with the physiological blood clotting time. Among the entire set of PT dependents, candidates with cardiovascular ailments are the major set of the population requiring lifelong anticoagulation therapy and supervised PT administration. Additionally, the increasing incidence of COVID affected by complications in coagulation dynamics has been strikingly evident. Prolonged PT along with sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC score > 3) has been found to be very common in critical COVID or CAC-affected cases. Considering the growing significance of an efficient point-of-care PT assaying platform to counter the increasing fatalities associated with cardio-compromised and coagulation aberrations propping up from CAC cases, the following review discusses the evolution of lab-based PT to point of care (PoC) PT assays. Recent advances in the field of PoC PT devices utilizing optics, acoustics, and mechanical and electrochemical methods in microsensors to detect blood coagulation are further elaborated. Thus, the following review holistically aims to motivate the future PT assay designers/researchers by detailing the relevance of PT and associated protocols for cardio compromised and COVID affected along with the intricacies of previously engineered PoC PT diagnostics.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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