Effect of green manure crops and organic amendments on incidence of nematode-borne tobacco rattle virus
| Autor: | C.J. Asjes, A.H.C. van Bruggen, A. de Heij, J.E. van den Ende, F.C. Zoon |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Virus vector nematodes
Tulipa Flowerbulbs Horticulture engineering.material Crop Green manure Biologische bedrijfssystemen Gladiolus Biological Farming Systems Biointeracties and Plant Health biology PPO Bloembollen en Bomen Compost Paratrichodorus teres Sowing PE&RC biology.organism_classification Trichodoridae Nursery Stock-Flower Bulbs Agronomy Tobacco rattle virus engineering PRI Biointeractions en Plantgezondheid Spent mushroom compost IPM White mustard |
| Zdroj: | VIII International Symposium on Flowerbulbs, Cape Town, South Africa VIII International Symposium on Flowerbulbs, Cape Town, South Africa. ISHS |
| Popis: | Tobacco rattle tobravirus (TRV) may infect several ornamental bulb crops and is transmitted by trichodorid nematodes. Paratrichodorus teres, P. pachydermus and Trichodorus similis are the main vectors in the Netherlands. In field experiments the effects of various pre-crops and organic amendments on the TRV Infection Potential of Soils (TRV-IPS) and on disease level in tulip and gladiolus were studied. Organic matter amendment of soil at a rate of 1% dry weight has been shown to reduce the host finding activity of P. teres under laboratory conditions. In a field containing viruliferous P. teres dahlia, italian ryegrass, white mustard and fodder radish were grown or the soil was kept fallow and the resulting TRV-IPS prior to the bulbous test crops was measured by a soil dilution bait test method. The application of organic matter was tested after dahlia as pre-crop. Household waste compost (GFT compost) was applied as a soil mix or planting furrow treatment at 12 tons dry weight per ha for tulip and gladiolus. Spent mushroom compost (Champost) was added as planting furrow treatment at 17 or 12 tons dw/ha, respectively, for tulip and gladiolus. The percentage of TRV diseased plants was determined at flowering in all pre-crop and organic amendment treatments. Champost in the planting furrow and fodder radish as a preceding crop reduced the percentage infection in tulip under favourable conditions for TRV infection. In gladiolus most organic amendments, fodder radish as pre-crop and keeping the soil fallow reduced the TRV infection rate of the plants during the first growing season, but not of the plants grown from the corms in the next year. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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