No age deficits in the ability to use attention to improve visual working memory
| Autor: | Souza, Alessandra |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | University of Zurich, Souza, Alessandra S |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Aging delayed estimation task Aptitude 2717 Geriatrics and Gerontology retro-cue Neuropsychological Tests 0302 clinical medicine Reference Values Attention Pitch Perception media_common Aged 80 and over mixture model 3207 Social Psychology 10093 Institute of Psychology 05 social sciences Cognition Middle Aged Memory Short-Term Pattern Recognition Visual Female Cues Psychology Color Perception Cognitive psychology Adolescent Social Psychology media_common.quotation_subject Short-term memory UFSP13-4 Dynamics of Healthy Aging working memory 050105 experimental psychology visual working memory Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 1302 Aging Visual memory Reaction Time Humans pre-cue 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Set (psychology) Aged Cued speech Recall Working memory Geriatrics and Gerontology 150 Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Psychology and Aging. 31:456-470 |
| ISSN: | 1939-1498 0882-7974 |
| DOI: | 10.1037/pag0000107 |
| Popis: | Maintenance of information in mind to the moment-to-moment cognition is accomplished by working memory (WM). WM capacity is reduced in old age, but the nature of this decline is yet not clear. The current study examined the hypothesis that the decline in visual WM performance with age is related to a reduced ability to use attention to control the contents of WM. Young (M = 26 years) and old (M = 71 years) adults performed a color reproduction task in which the precise color of a set of dots had to be maintained in mind over a brief interval and later reproduced using a continuous color wheel. Attention was manipulated by presenting a spatial cue before the onset of the memory array (a precue) or during the maintenance phase (retro-cue). The cue indicated with 100% certainty the item to be tested at the end of the trial. A precue allows the selective encoding of only the relevant item to WM, whereas a retro-cue allows WM contents to be updated by refreshing the relevant (cued) item and removing nonrelevant (noncued) items. Aging was associated with a lower capacity in the baseline (no-cue) condition. Precues and (to a smaller extent) retro-cues improved WM performance (in terms of probability of recall and memory precision). Critically, the benefits of cueing were of similar magnitude in young and older adults showing that the ability to use attention to selectively encode and update the contents of WM is preserved with aging. (PsycINFO Database Record |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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