Somatic polyploidization and characterization of induced polyploids of Dioscorea rotundata and Dioscorea cayenensis
| Autor: | Hironobu Shiwachi, Hidehiko Kikuno, Pachakkil Babil, Antonio Lopez-Montes, Midori Iino, Ryo Matsumoto, Yukiko Kashihara |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine biology Somatic cell fungi food and beverages Phenotypic trait biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Japonica Somaclonal variation 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology Dioscorea rotundata Polyploid Botany Genetics Leaf nodal segment culture ploidy level somaclonal variation stoma white guinea yam yellow Guinea yam Dioscorea Ploidy Agronomy and Crop Science Molecular Biology 010606 plant biology & botany Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | African Journal of Biotechnology; Vol 15, No 38 (2016); 2098-2105 |
| ISSN: | 1684-5315 |
| Popis: | Genetic improvement of major food yams is constrained by a number of factors, such as the scarcity of flowers and lack of synchronization between male and female flowering. Consequently, somaclonal variation including somatic polyploidization has been considered as a useful tool in yam breeding. Somatic polyploidization and its effect on phenotypic traits of Dioscorea species such as D. alata , D. japonica and D. zingiberensis has been reported; however, optimization of this method in two major yam species, D. rotundata and D. cayenensis , is yet to be achieved and the effect of polyploidization on phenotypic traits of this species yet to be elucidated. In the present study, a high rate of somaclonal polyploid variation was successfully achieved by in vitro colchicine treatment of D. rotundata and D. cayenensis . In most cases, except TDc 3704, the highest rate of polyploid induction appeared after 0.1% colchicine treatment. However, in triploid yellow yam accessions the induction rate was relatively low. Tetraploid variants of D. rotundata tended to display somewhat rounder leaves than their diploid parents. The size and shape of D. rotundata stoma were also affected by levels of ploidy, with tetraploid variants exhibiting larger stomata at a lower density compared to their diploid parents. The efficient method of in vitro polyploidy induction reported here is therefore a highly useful tool for obtaining polyploid variants for use as genetic resources in D. rotundata breeding. Keywords: Leaf, nodal segment culture, ploidy level, somaclonal variation, stoma, white guinea yam, yellow Guinea yam |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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