Evaluating Clinical Efficacy of Antiviral Therapy for COVID-19: A Surrogate Endpoint Approach
| Autor: | Ting-Yu Lin, Tony Hsiu Hsi Chen, Chen Yang Hsu, Hsiao Hsuan Jen, Chao-Chih Lai, Wei-Jung Chang, Amy Ming Fang Yen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) Disease status medicine.medical_specialty Multistate model Efficacy Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) medicine.medical_treatment 030106 microbiology Antiviral therapy Disease evolution 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 030212 general & internal medicine Clinical efficacy Original Research Low oxygen business.industry Surrogate endpoint COVID-19 Infectious Diseases business |
| Zdroj: | Infectious Diseases and Therapy |
| ISSN: | 2193-6382 2193-8229 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s40121-021-00431-9 |
| Popis: | Introduction Efficient evaluation with an early surrogate endpoint, taking into account the process of disease evolution, may not only clarify inconsistent or underpowered results but also provide a new insight into the exploration of a new antiviral therapy for treating COVID-19 patients. Methods We assessed the dynamics of COVID-19 disease spectrum, commencing from low-risk (no or low oxygen supplement), medium-risk (non-invasive ventilator or high oxygen supplement), and high-risk (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or invasive ventilator) risk state on enrollment, and then the subsequent progression and regression of risk states until discharge or death. The efficacy of antiviral therapy in altering the dynamics was assessed by using the high-risk state as a surrogate endpoint based on the data retrieved from the two-arm Adaptive Covid-19 Treatment Trial. Results Using the high-risk state as a surrogate endpoint, remdesivir treatment led to a decrease in the high-risk COVID-19 state by 34.8% (95% CI 26.7–42.0%) for a 14-day period and 29.3% (95% CI 28.8–29.8%) up to 28 days, which were consistent with a statistically significant reduction of death by 30.5% (95% CI 6.6, 50.9%) up to a 28-day period. The estimates of numbers needed to be treated were 100.9 (95% CI 88.1, 115.7) for using the high-risk COVID-19 state as a surrogate endpoint for a 14-day period and 133.3 (95% CI 112.5, 158.0) were required for averting one death from COVID-19 up to 28 days. Conclusions We demonstrate the expedient use of the high-risk COVID-19 disease status as a surrogate endpoint for evaluating the primary outcome of the earliest death. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40121-021-00431-9. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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