Compostable, fully biobased foams using PLA and micro cellulose for zero energy buildings
| Autor: | Nandika Anne D'Souza, Weihuan Zhao, Kayode Emmanuel Oluwabunmi, Tae-Youl Choi, Thomas Theyson |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
lcsh:Medicine 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 7. Clean energy 01 natural sciences Article Biomaterials chemistry.chemical_compound Differential scanning calorimetry Polylactic acid Cellulose lcsh:Science Porosity Polyurethane Multidisciplinary Soft materials lcsh:R Biodegradation 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Structural materials Supercritical fluid 0104 chemical sciences chemistry Chemical engineering 13. Climate action lcsh:Q lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) 0210 nano-technology Glass transition |
| Zdroj: | Scientific Reports Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41598-020-74478-y |
| Popis: | Ecological, health and environmental concerns are driving the need for bio-resourced foams for the building industry. In this paper, we examine foams made from polylactic acid (PLA) and micro cellulose fibrils (MCF). To ensure no volatile organic compounds in the foam, supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2) physical foaming of melt mixed systems was conducted. Mechanical and thermal conductivity properties were determined and applied to a net zero energy model house. The results showed that MCF had a concentration dependent impact on the foams. First structurally, the presence of MCF led to an initial increase followed by a decrease of open porosity, higher bulk density, lower expansion ratios and cell size. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed that MCF decreased the glass transition of PLA allowing for a decrease in cell wall thickness when MCF was added. The mechanical performance initially increased with MCF and then decreased. This trend was mimicked by thermal insulation which initially improved. Biodegradation tests showed that the presence of cellulose in PLA improved the compostability of the foams. A maximum comparative mineralization of 95% was obtained for the PLA foam with 3 wt.% MCF when expressed as a fractional percentage of the pure cellulose reference. Energy simulations run on a model house showed that relative to an insulation of polyurethane, the bio-resourced foams led to no more than a 12% increase in heating and cooling. The energy efficiency of the foams was best at low MCF fractions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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