No Doubt About It: When Doubtful Role Models Undermine Men's and Women's Math Performance Under Threat
| Autor: | Chris E. Cole, Allyce H. Monroe, Patricia N. Gilbert, David M. Marx |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Psychological Tests Stereotyping Social Psychology Role Gender Identity Ingroups and outgroups Group Processes Test (assessment) Developmental psychology Stereotype threat Young Adult Sex Factors Role model Outgroup Humans Female Educational Measurement Meaning (existential) Psychology Social psychology Mathematics |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Social Psychology. 153:542-559 |
| ISSN: | 1940-1183 0022-4545 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/00224545.2013.778811 |
| Popis: | Past work has shown that female role models are effective buffers against stereotype threat. The present research examines the boundary conditions of this role model effect. Specifically, we argue that female role models should avoid expressing doubt about their math abilities; otherwise they may cease to buffer women from stereotype threat. For men, a non-doubtful male role model should be seen as threatening, thus harming performance. A doubtful male role model, however, should be seen as non-threatening, thus allowing men to perform up to their ability in math. To test this reasoning, men and women were exposed to either an outgroup or ingroup role model who either expressed doubt or did not. Participants then took a math exam under stereotype threat conditions. As expected, doubtful ingroup role models hurt women, but helped men's performance. Outgroup role models' expressed doubt had no differential effect on performance. We also show that expressions of doubt take on a different meaning when expressed by a female rather than a male role model. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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