Masculinity and Race-Related Factors as Barriers to Health Help-Seeking Among African American Men

Autor:	Amma A. Agyemang, Rachel D. Upton, Wizdom Powell, Leslie B. Adams, Yasmin Cole-Lewis
Rok vydání:	2016
Předmět:	Adult Male media_common.quotation_subject Ethnic group Models Psychological Racism Health Services Accessibility Article Structural equation modeling 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Humans Measurement invariance 030212 general & internal medicine Path analysis (statistics) Applied Psychology media_common Masculinity 030505 public health Patient Acceptance of Health Care Health equity Help-seeking Black or African American Psychiatry and Mental health 0305 other medical science Psychology Attitude to Health Social psychology Clinical psychology
Zdroj:	Behavioral Medicine. 42:150-163
ISSN:	1940-4026 0896-4289
DOI:	10.1080/08964289.2016.1165174
Popis:	Men's tendency to delay health help-seeking is largely attributed to masculinity, but findings scarcely focus on African American men who face additional race-related, help-seeking barriers. Building principally on reactance theory, we test a hypothesized model situating racial discrimination, masculinity norms salience (MNS), everyday racism (ERD), racial identity, sense of control (SOC), and depressive symptomatology as key barriers to African American men's health help-seeking. A total of 458 African American men were recruited primarily from US barbershops in the Western and Southern regions. The primary outcome was Barriers to Help-Seeking Scale (BHSS) scores. The hypothesized model was investigated with confirmatory factor and path analysis with tests for measurement invariance. Our model fit was excellent [Formula: see text] CFI = 0.99; TLI = 1.00; RMSEA = 0.00, and 90% CI [0.00, 0.07] and operated equivalently across different age, income, and education strata. Frequent ERD and higher MNS contributed to higher BHHS scores. The relationship between ERD exposure and BHHS scores was partially mediated by diminished SOC and greater depressive symptomatology. Interventions aimed at addressing African American men's health help-seeking should not only address masculinity norms but also threats to sense of control, and negative psychological sequelae induced by everyday racism.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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