Arterial stiffness, pressure and flow pulsatility and brain structure and function: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility - Reykjavik Study
| Autor: | Mark A. van Buchem, Vilmundur Gudnason, Melissa Garcia, Gary F. Mitchell, Maria K. Jonsdottir, Lenore J. Launer, Sigurdur Sigurdsson, Tamara B. Harris, Olafur Kjartansson, Thor Aspelund, John D. Gotal |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Pathology aortic stiffness Iceland Pulsatile flow Hemodynamics Blood Pressure White matter Vascular Stiffness Risk Factors Internal medicine medicine.artery medicine Humans magnetic resonance imaging Prospective Studies Pulse wave velocity Aorta cognitive function Aged Aged 80 and over haemodynamics brain structure Age Factors Brain Original Articles medicine.disease Carotid Arteries Blood pressure medicine.anatomical_structure Cardiovascular Diseases Pulsatile Flow cardiovascular system Cardiology Arterial stiffness Female Gene-Environment Interaction Aortic stiffness Neurology (clinical) Psychology Blood Flow Velocity |
| Zdroj: | BRAIN, 134, 3398-3407 |
| Popis: | Aortic stiffness increases with age and vascular risk factor exposure and is associated with increased risk for structural and functional abnormalities in the brain. High ambient flow and low impedance are thought to sensitize the cerebral microcirculation to harmful effects of excessive pressure and flow pulsatility. However, haemodynamic mechanisms contributing to structural brain lesions and cognitive impairment in the presence of high aortic stiffness remain unclear. We hypothesized that disproportionate stiffening of the proximal aorta as compared with the carotid arteries reduces wave reflection at this important interface and thereby facilitates transmission of excessive pulsatile energy into the cerebral microcirculation, leading to microvascular damage and impaired function. To assess this hypothesis, we evaluated carotid pressure and flow, carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity, brain magnetic resonance images and cognitive scores in participants in the community-based Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility – Reykjavik study who had no history of stroke, transient ischaemic attack or dementia (n = 668, 378 females, 69–93 years of age). Aortic characteristic impedance was assessed in a random subset (n = 422) and the reflection coefficient at the aorta–carotid interface was computed. Carotid flow pulsatility index was negatively related to the aorta–carotid reflection coefficient (R = −0.66, P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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