Skin thickness in neonates: Implications for intradermal vaccination
| Autor: | Takatsugu Sakai, Takeshi Tanaka, Harunobu Hirano, Akihiko Saitoh, Soichiro Okubo, Jun Nirei, Hisanori Haniu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty Injections Intradermal 030231 tropical medicine Population Deltoid curve Thigh Intradermal vaccination Skin thickness Young infants 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Vaccine Immunogenicity medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Child education Ultrasonography Vaccines education.field_of_study General Veterinary General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry Vaccination Infant Newborn Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Infant Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Molecular Medicine business Infant Premature |
| Zdroj: | Vaccine. 38:5659-5664 |
| ISSN: | 0264-410X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.06.061 |
| Popis: | Intradermal (ID) injection is an alternate route that enhances vaccine immunogenicity and decreases vaccine dose. Regular immunization usually starts at age 2 months, and the limited immune capacity of neonates and young infants makes them vulnerable to infection. Successful ID vaccine delivery in this population requires knowledge of skin thickness. Although skin thickness has been evaluated in infants aged 2 months or older, no comparable data are available for neonates, including preterm neonates.This prospective observational study used ultrasonography to assess skin thickness in 70 neonates (35 full-term and 35 preterm neonates) at deltoid, suprascapular, and thigh sites. The measurements were compared in relation to anatomical site, between full-term and preterm infants, and with skin thickness values for children aged 2 months or older, which were collected in our previous study using the same measurement technique.In full-term neonates, skin was significantly thicker at the suprascapular site than at the deltoid and thigh sites (P 0.05); in preterm neonates, skin was significantly thicker at the suprascapular site than at the thigh site (P 0.05). Skin thickness values at all three sites were significantly lower in preterm neonates than in full-term neonates (P 0.05). As compared with skin thickness values for infants aged 2 months, values for full-term neonates were significantly lower for the deltoid and suprascapular sites (P 0.001).Skin thickness values for neonates were affected by prematurity and were significantly lower than those for infants aged 2 months. These findings are important in the design of ID injection devices for neonates and young infants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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