Linking surface morphology, composition, and activity on the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
| Autor: | Jessica Agarwal, J. Deller, Pedro J. Gutiérrez, R. Rodrigo, Monica Lazzarin, Gabriele Cremonese, Holger Sierks, J. D. P. Deshapriya, Stefano Debei, D. Bodewits, Björn Davidsson, Cecilia Tubiana, Imre Toth, Pedro Hasselmann, Giampiero Naletto, Marco Fulle, Sabrina Ferrari, M. A. Barucci, Sonia Fornasier, Carsten Güttler, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Wing-Huen Ip, Philippe Lamy, Cesare Barbieri, Jean-Loup Bertaux, M. De Cecco, F. La Forgia, M. Küppers, Z. Y. Lin, Maurizio Pajola, M. L. Lara, Ivano Bertini, H. U. Keller, V. Da Deppo, Francesco Marzari, C. Feller, Van H. Hoang, Detlef Koschny, Xian Shi, Stefano Mottola |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Physics [Hanoi], Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC (RSSD), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Trento [Trento], Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IMPEC - LATMOS, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Government of Sweden |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Asteroiden und Kometen
67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Comet observational [methods] Data analysis FOS: Physical sciences Coma (optics) Individual Astrophysics Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics Photometric 01 natural sciences photometric [techniques] techniques: photometric individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets] Comet nucleus 0103 physical sciences medicine data analysis [methods] Comets Methods 010303 astronomy & astrophysics Observational Optical depth 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Physics Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP) [PHYS]Physics [physics] [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] Techniques Resolution (electron density) Astronomy and Astrophysics methods: data analysis Plume medicine.anatomical_structure 13. Climate action Space and Planetary Science comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko – methods: data analysis – methods: observational – techniques: photometric Radiance Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics methods: observational [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] Nucleus Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| Zdroj: | Astronomy & astrophysics 630 (2019). doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833803 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Fornasier, S.; Hoang, V. H.; Hasselmann, P. H.; Feller, C.; Barucci, M. A.; Deshapriya, J. D.P.; Sierks, H.; Naletto, G.; Lamy, P. L.; Rodrigo, R.; Koschny, D.; Davidsson, B.; Agarwal, J.; Barbieri, C.; Bertaux, J. L.; Bertini, I.; Bodewits, D.; Cremonese, G.; Da Deppo, V.; Debei, S.; De Cecco, M.; Deller, J.; Ferrari, S.; Fulle, M.; Gutierrez, P. J.; Güttler, C.; Ip, W. H.; Keller, H. U.; Küppers, M.; La Forgia, F.; Lara, M. L.; Lazzarin, M.; Lin9, Z. Y.; Lopez Moreno, J. J.; Marzari, F.; Mottola, S.; Pajola, M.; Shi, X.; Toth, I.; Tubiana, C./titolo:Linking surface morphology, composition, and activity on the nucleus of 67P%2FChuryumov-Gerasimenko/doi:10.1051%2F0004-6361%2F201833803/rivista:Astronomy & astrophysics (Print)/anno:2019/pagina_da:/pagina_a:/intervallo_pagine:/volume:630 Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A Astronomy and Astrophysics-A&A, EDP Sciences, 2019, 630, A7 (26p.). ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/201833803⟩ Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| ISSN: | 0004-6361 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/201833803 |
| Popis: | Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Rosetta space probe accompanied comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for more than two years, obtaining an unprecedented amount of unique data of the comet nucleus and inner coma. This has enabled us to study its activity almost continuously from 4 au inbound to 3.6 au outbound, including the perihelion passage at 1.24 au. This work focuses identifying the source regions of faint jets and outbursts and on studying the spectrophotometric properties of some outbursts. We use observations acquired with the OSIRIS/NAC camera during July-October 2015, that is, close to perihelion. Methods. We analyzed more than 2000 images from NAC color sequences acquired with 7-11 filters covering the 250-1000 nm wavelength range. The OSIRIS images were processed with the OSIRIS standard pipeline up to level 3, that is, converted in radiance factor, then corrected for the illumination conditions. For each color sequence, color cubes were produced by stacking registered and illumination-corrected images. Results. More than 200 jets of different intensities were identified directly on the nucleus. Some of the more intense outbursts appear spectrally bluer than the comet dark terrain in the visible-to-near-infrared region. We attribute this spectral behavior to icy grains mixed with the ejected dust. Some of the jets have an extremely short lifetime. They appear on the cometary surface during the color sequence observations, and vanish in less than some few minutes after reaching their peak. We also report a resolved dust plume observed in May 2016 at a resolution of 55 cm pixel(-1), which allowed us to estimate an optical depth of similar to 0.65 and an ejected mass of similar to 2200 kg, assuming a grain bulk density of similar to 800 kg m(-3). We present the results on the location, duration, and colors of active sources on the nucleus of 67P from the medium-resolution (i.e., 6-10 m pixel(-1)) images acquired close to perihelion passage. The observed jets are mainly located close to boundaries between different morphological regions. Some of these active areas were observed and investigated at higher resolution (up to a few decimeter per pixel) during the last months of operations of the Rosetta mission. Conclusions. These observations allow us to investigate the link between morphology, composition, and activity of cometary nuclei. Jets depart not only from cliffs, but also from smooth and dust-covered areas, from fractures, pits, or cavities that cast shadows and favor the recondensation of volatiles. This study shows that faint jets or outbursts continuously contribute to the cometary activity close to perihelion passage, and that these events are triggered by illumination conditions. Faint jets or outbursts are not associated with a particular terrain type or morphology.© S. Fornasier et al. 2019 OSIRIS was built by a consortium led by the Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung, Goettingen, Germany, in collaboration with CISAS, University of Padova, Italy, the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, France, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, CSIC, Granada, Spain, the Scientific Support Office of the European Space Agency, Noordwijk, the Netherlands, the Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain, the Universidad Politechnica de Madrid, Spain, the Department of Physics and Astronomy of Uppsala University, Sweden, and the Institut fur Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze der Technischen Universitat Braunschweig, Germany. The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged. We thank the Rosetta Science Ground Segment at ESAC, the Rosetta Mission Operations Centre at ESOC and the Rosetta Project at ESTEC for their outstanding work enabling the science return of the Rosetta Mission. S.F. acknowledges the financial support from the France Agence Nationale de la Recherche (programme Classy, ANR-17-CE31-0004). The authors thank H. Campins for his comments that helped us improve this article. The authors would like to thank Andrew Cooper and Marco Parigi for spotting the inconsistencies in regional boundaried of Fig. 1 in the online preprint version of the paper. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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