Physostigmine reverses disturbances of the intestinal microcirculation during experimental endotoxemia
| Autor: | Stefan Masur, Sara Whynot, Juan Zhou, Alexander Spassov, Orlando Hung, I. Abdo, Vladimir Cerny, Christian Lehmann, Hartmut Kern, Johanna Rüb, Dragan Pavlovic, Romesh Shukla |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Physostigmine Contraction (grammar) Lipopolysaccharide Physiology Pharmacology Microcirculation chemistry.chemical_compound Physiology (medical) Sepsis Medicine Animals Cholinesterase biology Electrical impedance myography business.industry Hematology Pathophysiology Endotoxemia Rats Disease Models Animal chemistry Rats Inbred Lew Anesthesia biology.protein Cholinesterase Inhibitors Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business Intravital microscopy medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation. 56(3) |
| ISSN: | 1875-8622 |
| Popis: | Intestinal microcirculatory disturbances play an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. A neural anti-inflammatory pathway has been suggested as a potential target for therapy that may dampen systemic inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, on the intestinal microcirculation and vascular contractility in experimental endotoxemia. Endotoxemia was induced in Lewis rats by intravenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. Animals were treated with either physostigmine or saline (control) following LPS challenge. The intestinal microcirculation, including leukocyte-endothelial interaction, functional capillary density (FCD) and non-perfused capillary density (NCD), was examined by intravital microscopy (IVM) 2 hours after LPS administration. The impact of physostigmine on vascular contractility of rat aortic rings was examined by in vitro myography. Physostigmine significantly reduced the number of adhering leukocytes in intestinal submucosal venules (V1 venules: -61%, V3 venules: -36%) of LPS animals. FCD was significantly increased by physostigmine treatment (circular muscle layer: +180%, longitudinal muscle layer: +162%, mucosa: +149%). Low concentrations of physostigmine produced significant contraction of aortic ring preparations, whereas high concentrations produced relaxation. In conclusion, physostigmine treatment significantly improved the intestinal microcirculation in experimental endotoxemia by reducing leukocyte adhesion and increasing FCD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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