Reduced positive affect on days with stress exposure predicts depression, anxiety disorders, and low trait positive affect 7 years later
| Autor: | Gavin N. Rackoff, Michelle G. Newman |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 050103 clinical psychology Generalized anxiety disorder Context (language use) Affect (psychology) Article mental disorders medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Prospective Studies Biological Psychiatry Depression (differential diagnoses) Aged Depressive Disorder Major Panic disorder 05 social sciences Middle Aged medicine.disease Anxiety Disorders Mental health Facial Expression Affect Clinical Psychology Psychiatry and Mental health Mental Health Major depressive disorder Anxiety Female medicine.symptom Psychology Stress Psychological psychological phenomena and processes Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | J Abnorm Psychol |
| ISSN: | 1939-1846 0021-843X |
| DOI: | 10.1037/abn0000639 |
| Popis: | Positive emotions serve important functions for mental health. Susceptibility to reduced positive emotions in the context of stress may increase risk for poor mental health outcomes, including anxiety and depressive disorders and low overall levels of positive emotion. In an eight-day daily diary study within a larger panel study (N = 1,517), we tested whether degree of reduction in time spent experiencing positive affect on days of stress exposure predicted lower levels of positive affect and elevated risk for major depressive and anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder or panic disorder) seven years later. Bayesian multilevel structural equation modeling controlling for overall levels of affect, stress exposure, leisure time, sex, age, and past year diagnoses of depression and anxiety disorders was conducted. Participants, on average, reported less time experiencing positive affect on days with stressors compared to days without stressors. In addition, participants varied in the extent to which their time spent experiencing positive affect differed across days with and without stressors. Those who reported an especially reduced proportion of the day experiencing positive affect on days with stressors also experienced lower positive affect and greater risk for major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders seven years later. These prospective associations suggest that between-person differences in the within-person association between stress and positive emotions have implications for mental health years later. The efficacy of preventive interventions could be improved by fostering resilience of positive emotions during common stressful events. GENERAL SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY: Positive emotions may promote mental health, yet they are depleted during exposure to stress. In an experience sampling study, susceptibility to lowered positive emotions on days with stressors was associated with low positive affect and depression and anxiety disorders seven years later. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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