Indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus-indica Crosses the Blood–Brain Barrier and Modulates Neuronal Bioelectric Activity in Rat Hippocampus at Dietary-Consistent Amounts
| Autor: | M. A. Livrea, Mario Allegra, Pierangelo Sardo, Fabio Carletti, Anna Maria Almerico, Giuseppe Ferraro, Giuditta Gambino, Marco Tutone, Alessandro Attanzio, Luisa Tesoriere |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Allegra, M., Carletti, F., Gambino, G., Tutone, M., Attanzio, A., Tesoriere, L., Ferraro, G., Sardo, P., Almerico, A., Livrea, M. |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pyridines Hippocampus Pharmacology Biology Hippocampal formation Blood–brain barrier Inhibitory postsynaptic potential chemistry.chemical_compound Settore BIO/10 - Biochimica medicine Animals Rats Wistar Neurons Glutamate receptor Opuntia General Chemistry indicaxanthin phytochemicals BBB electrophysiology hippocampus microiontophoresis molecular modeling Betaxanthins Electrophysiology medicine.anatomical_structure Receptors Glutamate Biochemistry chemistry Blood-Brain Barrier NMDA receptor Neuron General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Indicaxanthin |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 63:7353-7360 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5118 0021-8561 |
| Popis: | Indicaxanthin is a bioactive and bioavailable betalain pigment from the Opuntia ficus-indica fruits. In this in vivo study, kinetic measurements showed that indicaxanthin is revealed in the rat brain within 1 h from oral administration of 2 μmol/ kg, an amount compatible with a dietary consumption of cactus pear fruits in humans. A peak (20 ± 2.4 ng of indicaxanthin per whole brain) was measured after 2.5 h; thereafter the molecule disappeared with first order kinetics within 4 h. The potential of indicaxanthin to affect neural activities was in vivo investigated by a microiontophoretic approach. Indicaxanthin, administered in a range between 0.085 ng and 0.34 ng per neuron, dose-dependently modulated the rate of discharge of spontaneously active neurons of the hippocampus, with reduction of the discharge and related changes of latency and duration of the effect. Indicaxanthin (0.34 ng/neuron) showed inhibitory effects on glutamate-induced excitation, indicating activity at the level of glutamatergic synapses. A molecular target of indicaxanthin is suggested by in silico molecular modeling of indicaxanthin with N- methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), the most represented of the glutamate receptor family in hippocampus. Therefore, at nutritionally compatible amounts indicaxanthin (i) crosses the rat BBB and accumulates in brain; (ii) can affect the bioelectric activity of hippocampal neurons locally treated with amounts comparable with those measured in the brain; and (iii) modulates glutamate-induced neuronal excitation. The potential of dietary indicaxanthin as a natural neuromodulatory agent deserves further mechanistic and neurophysiologic investigation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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