Typical and extreme entropies of long-lived isolated quantum systems
| Autor: | Joshua M. Deutsch, Anthony Aguirre, Dana Faiez, Dominik Šafránek |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
General Physics Quantum Physics Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) Particle number FOS: Physical sciences Model system Quantum entanglement Mathematical Sciences Maximal entropy Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) Physical Sciences Chemical Sciences Bipartite graph Statistical physics Quantum Physics (quant-ph) Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases Boltzmann's entropy formula Quantum Entropy (arrow of time) Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics |
| Zdroj: | Physical Review A, vol 101, iss 5 PHYSICAL REVIEW A, vol 101, iss 5 |
| ISSN: | 2469-9934 2469-9926 |
| Popis: | In this paper, we investigate and compare two well-developed definitions of entropy relevant for describing the dynamics of isolated quantum systems: bipartite entanglement entropy and observational entropy. In a model system of interacting particles in a one-dimensional lattice, we numerically solve for the full quantum behavior of the system. We characterize the fluctuations, and find the maximal, minimal, and typical entropy of each type that the system can eventually attain through its evolution. While both entropies are low for some "special" configurations and high for more "generic" ones, there are several fundamental differences in their behavior. Observational entropy behaves in accord with classical Boltzmann entropy (e.g. equilibrium is a condition of near-maximal entropy and uniformly distributed particles, and minimal entropy is a very compact configuration). Entanglement entropy is rather different: minimal entropy "empties out" one partition while maximal entropy apportions the particles between the partitions, and neither is typical. Beyond these qualitative results, we characterize both entropies and their fluctuations in some detail as they depend on temperature, particle number, and box size. Additional comments are made in the caption of figure 10 (a). Equation 7 and a brief description are added in relation to figure 4 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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