The burden of hepatitis C virus in Cameroon: Spatial epidemiology and historical perspective

Autor: I. Siffert, Gaëtan Texier, Arnaud Fontanet, M. C. Tejiokem, Jacques Pépin, Richard Njouom, Guillaume Lachenal
Přispěvatelé: Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), This study was funded by the Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (grant ANRS 12289)., The Demographic and Health Surveys around which this study was organized had been funded by the United States Agency for International Development, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Viral Hepatitis
Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Wiley-Blackwell, 2018, 25 (8), pp.959-968. ⟨10.1111/jvh.12894⟩
Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2018, 25 (8), pp.959-968. ⟨10.1111/jvh.12894⟩
ISSN: 1352-0504
1365-2893
Popis: International audience; Cameroon is thought to have one of the highest prevalences of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the world (4.9% among adults). A marked cohort effect exists in several communities where approximate to 50% of the elderly are infected. Better assessment of HCV distribution is needed for planning treatment programmes. We tested for HCV antibodies 14150 capillary blood samples collected during the 2011 Demographic and Health Survey, whose participants were representative of the Cameroonian population aged 15-49 (both genders) and 50-59years (men only). Historical data on exposure to medical care were collected and factors associated with HCV assessed through logistic regression and geospatial analyses. To estimate prevalence in all persons aged 15years, we used data from the survey for the 15-59years fraction and modelled a cohort effect for older individuals. The nationwide HCV prevalence was 0.81% for the 15-49years group, and 2.51% for all individuals aged 15years. Only 0.2% of individuals aged 15-19 were seropositive. Among participants aged 15-44years, HCV was associated with age, rural residence and, for males, with ritual circumcision. For those aged 45-59years, HCV was associated with age and access to medical care in the late 1950s. Prevalence of HCV seropositivity in Cameroon is half of previous estimates. Nationwide surveys are essential to rationalize resources allocation. The high prevalence among older cohorts, a colonial legacy, has had little spillover into younger cohorts. HCV-free generations might be attainable in countries not plagued with intravenous drug abuse.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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