A substrate of the ABC transporter PEN3 stimulates bacterial flagellin (flg22)-induced callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana
| Autor: | Bibek Aryal, Markus Geisler, Dierk Scheel, Bernhard Westermann, Andreas Matern, Stefanie Döll, Lennart Eschen-Lippold, Ulrike Smolka, Fabian Trempel, Sabine Rosahl, Christoph Böttcher |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Indoles Phytophthora infestans Mutant Arabidopsis Plant Biology ATP-binding cassette transporter Biochemistry Substrate Specificity 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Cytosol Plant defense against herbivory Arabidopsis thaliana Glucans Molecular Biology 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology biology fungi Callose food and beverages Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Plant Leaves 030104 developmental biology chemistry biology.protein ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters Calcium Flagellin |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Biological Chemistry. 294:6857-6870 |
| ISSN: | 0021-9258 |
| DOI: | 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007676 |
| Popis: | Nonhost resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana against Phytophthora infestans, a filamentous eukaryotic microbe and the causal agent of potato late blight, is based on a multilayered defense system. Arabidopsis thaliana controls pathogen entry through the penetration-resistance genes PEN2 and PEN3, encoding an atypical myrosinase and an ABC transporter, respectively, required for synthesis and export of unknown indole compounds. To identify pathogen-elicited leaf surface metabolites and further unravel nonhost resistance in Arabidopsis, we performed untargeted metabolite profiling by incubating a P. infestans zoospore suspension on leaves of WT or pen3 mutant Arabidopsis plants. Among the plant-secreted metabolites, 4-methoxyindol-3- yl-methanol and S-(4-methoxy-indol-3-yl-methyl) cysteine were detected in spore suspensions recollected from WT plants, but at reduced levels from the pen3 mutant plants. In both whole-cell and microsome-based assays, 4-methoxyindol-3-yl- methanol was transported in a PEN3-dependent manner, suggesting that this compound is a PEN3 substrate. The syntheses of both compounds were dependent on functional PEN2 and phytochelatin synthase 1. None of these compounds inhibited mycelial growth of P. infestans in vitro. Of note, exogenous application of 4- methoxyindol-3-yl methanol slightly elevated cytosolic Ca2+ levels and enhanced callose deposition in hydathodes of seedlings treated with a bacterial pathogen- associated molecular pattern (PAMP), flagellin (flg22). Loss of flg22-induced callose deposition in leaves of pen3 seedlings was partially reverted by the addition of 4- methoxyindol-3-yl methanol. In conclusion, we have identified a specific indole compound that is a substrate for PEN3 and contributes to the plant defense response against microbial pathogens. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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