Do Reported Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Subsequent Higher Cognitive Performances Remain if Tested against an Instructed Self-Myofascial Release Training Control Group? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Autor: Sven T. Hübner, Wilhelm Bloch, Max Oberste, Philipp Zimmer
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Male
Physiology
Trail Making Test
Social Sciences
lcsh:Medicine
law.invention
Cognition
Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
0302 clinical medicine
Sociology
Randomized controlled trial
law
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
Medicine
Public and Occupational Health
Fascia
lcsh:Science
education.field_of_study
Schools
Multidisciplinary
Foam
Sports Science
Cognitive test
Physical Sciences
Female
Statistics (Mathematics)
Research Article
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty
Materials by Structure
Materials Science
Population
Research and Analysis Methods
Education
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Physical medicine and rehabilitation
Humans
Aerobic exercise
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
Sports and Exercise Medicine
Statistical Methods
education
Exercise
Physiological Adaptation
Analysis of Variance
business.industry
lcsh:R
Cognitive Psychology
Biology and Life Sciences
Physical Activity
030229 sport sciences
Physical Fitness
Cognitive Science
lcsh:Q
Physiological Processes
business
Mathematics
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Stroop effect
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 12, p e0167818 (2016)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: A substantial body of evidence suggests positive effects of acute aerobic exercise (AAE) on subsequent higher cognitive functions in healthy young adults. These effects are widely understood as a result of the ongoing physiological adaptation processes induced by the preceding AAE. However, designs of published studies do not control for placebo, Hawthorne and subject expectancy effects. Therefore, these studies do not, at a high degree of validity, allow attributing effects of AEE on subsequent cognitive performance to exercise induced physical arousal. In the present study, we applied a randomized controlled blinded experiment to provide robust evidence for a physiological basis of exercise induced cognitive facilitation. Beyond that, the dose response relationship between AAE`s intensity and subsequent cognitive performances as well as a potentially mediating role of peripheral lactate in AAE induced cognitive facilitation was investigated. The 121 healthy young subjects who participated in this study were assigned randomly into 3 exercise groups and a self-myofascial release training control group. Exercise groups comprised a low, moderate and high intensity condition in which participants cycled on an ergometer at a heart rate corresponding to 45–50%, 65–70% and 85–90% of their individual maximum heart rate, respectively, for 35 minutes. Participants assigned to the control group completed a 35 minute instructed self-massage intervention using a foam roll. Before and after treatment, participants completed computer based versions of the Stroop task and the Trail Making Test as well as a free recall task. None of the applied exercise regimes exerted a significant effect on participants`performance at any of the applied cognitive testing procedure if compared to self-myofascial release training control group. Post hoc power analyses revealed no effect in the population of f = .2 or larger at a risk of type II error (β) ≤.183 for all measured variables. Our results, therefore, indicate that AAE induced cognitive facilitation is not (exclusively) based on physiological effects. Even if there is a substantial contribution of physiological adaptations to AAE in reported AAE induced cognitive facilitation, in this study, peripheral lactate could not be confirmed as such a factor. Peripheral lactate concentrations and cognitive testing performances after exercise showed rather small empirical and no significant associations. Our results suggest that other psychosocial aspects like expectations and social attention play an important role in AAE induced cognitive facilitation.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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