Differential transcript profile of inhibitors with potential anti-venom role in the liver of juvenile and adult Bothrops jararaca snake
| Autor: | Glória R.C. Braz, Kathleen Fernandes Grego, Aparecida S. Tanaka, Karen de Morais-Zani, Diego S. Buarque, Cícera M. Gomes, Anita Mitico Tanaka-Azevedo, Stephen Lu |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Bothrops jararaca Anti-venom medicine.medical_treatment Antivenom lcsh:Medicine complex mixtures Biochemistry General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences medicine Envenomation Molecular Biology Protease 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology biology General Neuroscience lcsh:R General Medicine Protease inhibitors medicine.disease biology.organism_classification people.cause_of_death Snake bites Snake plasma 030104 developmental biology Venomous snake Snake venom Bothrops Plasmatic protein Gene expression General Agricultural and Biological Sciences people |
| Zdroj: | PeerJ PeerJ, Vol 5, p e3203 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 2167-8359 |
| Popis: | BackgroundSnakes belonging to theBothropsgenus are vastly distributed in Central and South America and are responsible for most cases of reported snake bites in Latin America. The clinical manifestations of the envenomation caused by this genus are due to three major activities—proteolytic, hemorrhagic and coagulant—mediated by metalloproteinases, serine proteinases, phospholipases A2and other toxic compounds present in snake venom. Interestingly, it was observed that snakes are resistant to the toxic effects of its own and other snake’s venoms. This natural immunity may occur due the absence of toxin target or the presence of molecules in the snake plasma able to neutralize such toxins.MethodsIn order to identify anti-venom molecules, we construct a cDNA library from the liver ofB. jararacasnakes. Moreover, we analyzed the expression profile of four molecules—the already known anti-hemorrhagic factor Bj46a, one gamma-phospholipase A2inhibitor, one inter-alpha inhibitor and one C1 plasma protease inhibitor—in the liver of juvenile and adult snakes by qPCR.ResultsThe results revealed a 30-fold increase of gamma-phospholipase A2inhibitor and a minor increase of the inter-alpha inhibitor (5-fold) and of the C1 inhibitor (3-fold) in adults. However, the Bj46a factor seems to be equally transcribed in adults and juveniles.DiscussionThe results suggest the up-regulation of different inhibitors observed in the adult snakes might be a physiological adaptation to the recurrent contact with their own and even other snake’s venoms throughout its lifespan. This is the first comparative analysis of ontogenetic variation of expression profiles of plasmatic proteins with potential anti-venom activities of the venomous snakeB. jararaca. Furthermore, the present data contributes to the understanding of the natural resistance described in these snakes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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