The alteration of immune reactions in inbred BALB/c mice following low-level sarin inhalation exposure
| Autor: | I. Kasalova, Věra Neubauerová, Jiří Kassa, Valerie Sheshko, Lucie Ševelová, Zuzana Krocova |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Sarin
Phagocyte Helper T lymphocyte Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis T-Lymphocytes Spleen Toxicology Nitric Oxide BALB/c Immunophenotyping chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Immune system Administration Inhalation medicine Cytotoxic T cell Animals Chemical Warfare Agents Lymphocyte Count Inhalation exposure B-Lymphocytes Immunity Cellular Inhalation Exposure Mice Inbred BALB C biology Dose-Response Relationship Drug Chemistry biology.organism_classification Killer Cells Natural medicine.anatomical_structure Immune System Immunology Female Mitogens |
| Zdroj: | Inhalation toxicology. 16(8) |
| ISSN: | 0895-8378 |
| Popis: | To study the influence of low-level sarin inhalation exposure on immune functions, inbred BALB/c mice were exposed to low concentrations of sarin for 60 min in the inhalation chamber. The evaluation of immune functions was carried out using phenotyping of CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD4 (helper T lymphocytes), CD8 (cytotoxic T lymphocytes), and CD19 cells (B lymphocytes) in the lungs, blood, and spleen, lymphoproliferation of spleen cells stimulated in vitro by various mitogens (concanavalin A, lipopolysaccharides), phagocyte activity of peritoneal and alveolar macrophages, production of N-oxides by peritoneal macrophages, and the measurement of the natural killer cell activity at 1 wk following sarin exposure. The results were compared to the values obtained from control mice exposed to pure air instead of sarin. The results indicate that low doses of sarin are able to alter the reaction of immune system at one week following exposure to sarin. While the numbers of CD3 cells in the lungs, blood, and spleen were slightly decreased, an increase in CD19 cells was observed, especially in the lungs and blood. The reduced proportion of T lymphocytes is caused by decay of CD4-positive T cells. Lymphoproliferation was significantly decreased regardless of the mitogen and sarin concentration used. The production of N-oxides by peritoneal macrophages was stimulated after exposure to the highest dose of sarin, whereas their ability to phagocytize the microbes was increased after exposure to the lowest dose of sarin. The natural killer cell activity was significantly higher in the case of inhalation exposure of mice to the highest level of sarin. Thus, not only organophosphorus insecticides but also nerve agents such as sarin are able to alter immune functions even at a dose that does not cause clinically manifested disruption of cholinergic nervous system in the case of inhalation exposure. Nevertheless, the alteration of immune functions following the inhalation exposure to a symptomatic concentration of sarin seems to be more pronounced. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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