The oral commensal Streptococcus mitis activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human oral epithelial cells
| Autor: | Olaf Joseph Franciscus Schreurs, Stian André Engen, Inger J. Schytte Blix, Karl Schenck, Gro Herredsvela Rørvik |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Keratinocytes 030106 microbiology oral epithelium Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Streptococcus mitis Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Microbiology Streptococcus mutans 03 medical and health sciences medicine Transcriptional regulation Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 Humans Interleukin 8 Symbiosis General Dentistry Transcription factor Cells Cultured Mouth prostaglandin E2 biology aryl hydrocarbon receptor Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator Streptococcus gordonii Streptococcus respiratory system biology.organism_classification Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Microarray Analysis 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Microscopy Fluorescence Receptors Aryl Hydrocarbon inflammation Biofilms biology.protein commensal Original Article Keratinocyte |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Oral Science |
| ISSN: | 2049-3169 1674-2818 |
| Popis: | Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis) is a pioneer commensal bacterial species colonizing many of the surfaces of the oral cavity in healthy individuals. Yet, not much information is available regarding its interaction with the host. We used examination of its transcriptional regulation in oral keratinocytes to elucidate some of its potential roles in the oral cavity. Transcription factor analysis of oral keratinocytes predicted S. mitis-mediated activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Activation and functionality of AhR was confirmed through nuclear translocation determined by immunofluorescence microscopy and real-time polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription analysis of CYP1A1, the hallmark gene for AhR activation. Addition of Streptococcus mutans or Streptococcus gordonii did not induce CYP1A1 transcription in the keratinocyte cultures. Introduction of an AhR-specific inhibitor revealed that S. mitis-mediated transcription of CXCL2 and CXCL8 was regulated by AhR. Elevated levels of prostaglandin E2 (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in supernatants from S. mitis-treated oral epithelial cells were also attenuated by inhibition of AhR activity. The observed AhR-regulated activities point to a contribution of S. mitis in the regulation of inflammatory responses and thereby to wound healing in the oral cavity. The concept that the oral commensal microbiota can induce AhR activation is important, also in view of the role that AhR has in modulation of T-cell differentiation and as an anti-inflammatory factor in macrophages. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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