Effectiveness of the 23‐Valent Polysaccharide Vaccine against Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Navajo Adults
| Autor: | Cynthia G. Whitney, Katherine L. O'Brien, Andrea L. Benin, Elizabeth R. Zell, Raymond Reid, Connie Donaldson, Scott Katz, Anne Schuchat, Mathuram Santosham, Alan J. Parkinson, James P. Watt |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2003 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male medicine.medical_specialty Population Pneumococcal Infections Cohort Studies Pneumococcal Vaccines Internal medicine medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy education Aged Retrospective Studies education.field_of_study business.industry Case-control study Retrospective cohort study Middle Aged medicine.disease Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine United States Vaccination Pneumococcal infections Streptococcus pneumoniae Infectious Diseases Case-Control Studies Cohort Immunology Indians North American Female business Cohort study |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 188:81-89 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1086/375782 |
| Popis: | Invasive pneumococcal disease occurs 2-3-fold more often among Navajo adults than among adults in the general United States population. The objective of this observational study was to determine the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) among Navajo adults. Active surveillance identified cases of invasive pneumococcal disease during 1996-1997. Three control patients per case patient were matched according to underlying medical conditions, sex, age, and location of medical care. Effectiveness was calculated by regression analysis of case-control sets and by indirect cohort methodology. Diabetes and alcoholism occurred in 41% and 43% of 108 case patients, respectively; 62% of case patients and 64% of control patients were immunized. Overall vaccine effectiveness was 26% (95% confidence interval [CI], -29% to 58%); 15% (95% CI, -116% to 67%) for patients with diabetes and -5% (95% CI, -141% to 54%) for patients with alcoholism. Overall vaccine effectiveness, as determined by use of the indirect cohort methodology, was 35% (95% CI, -33% to 69%). PPV23 was not significantly effective among Navajo adults and may be inadequate to prevent serious pneumococcal disease in this population. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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