Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol effects in schizophrenia: Implications for cognition, psychosis, and addiction
| Autor: | Deepak Cyril D'Souza, Steven Madonick, Gabriel Braley, Walid M. Abi-Saab, Kimberlee Forselius-Bielen, John H. Krystal, Thomas B. Cooper, Anne Doersch, Ralitza Gueorguieva |
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| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Psychosis medicine.medical_specialty media_common.quotation_subject Endocrine System Motor Activity Neuropsychological Tests Verbal learning Akathisia Cognition Double-Blind Method mental disorders medicine Humans Dronabinol Psychiatry Biological Psychiatry media_common Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychotropic Drugs Dose-Response Relationship Drug biology Addiction Middle Aged Verbal Learning medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Psychotic Disorders Dyskinesia Injections Intravenous Mental Recall Schizophrenia Female Perception Cannabis medicine.symptom Arousal Psychology Akathisia Drug-Induced Vigilance (psychology) |
| Zdroj: | Biological Psychiatry. 57:594-608 |
| ISSN: | 0006-3223 |
| Popis: | Background Recent advances in the neurobiology of cannabinoids have renewed interest in the association between cannabis and psychotic disorders. Methods In a 3-day, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, the behavioral, cognitive, motor, and endocrine effects of 0 mg, 2.5 mg, and 5 mg intravenous Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-9-THC) were characterized in 13 stable, antipsychotic-treated schizophrenia patients. These data were compared with effects in healthy subjects reported elsewhere. Results Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol transiently increased 1) learning and recall deficits; 2) positive, negative, and general schizophrenia symptoms; 3) perceptual alterations; 4) akathisia, rigidity, and dyskinesia; 5) deficits in vigilance; and 6) plasma prolactin and cortisol. Schizophrenia patients were more vulnerable to Δ-9-THC effects on recall relative to control subjects. There were no serious short- or long-term adverse events associated with study participation. Conclusions Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol is associated with transient exacerbation in core psychotic and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. These data do not provide a reason to explain why schizophrenia patients use or misuse cannabis. Furthermore, Δ-9-THC might differentially affect schizophrenia patients relative to control subjects. Finally, the enhanced sensitivity to the cognitive effects of Δ-9-THC warrants further study into whether brain cannabinoid receptor dysfunction contributes to the pathophysiology of the cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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