Epidemiologic Features and Influencing Factors of Norovirus Outbreaks in the City of Wuxi, China from 2014 to 2018
| Autor: | Ke Wei Wang, Yumeng Gao, Chao Shi, Shanshan Xie, Yong Xiao, Wei-Hong Feng, Ping Shi, Xiaoying Ma, Yuan Shen, Qian Geng, Jie Gao |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Rural Population
China Genotype Urban Population viruses Attack rate Population medicine.disease_cause Disease Outbreaks Age Distribution fluids and secretions Virology Environmental health Humans Medicine Typing Sanitation education Genotyping Caliciviridae Infections education.field_of_study business.industry Incidence Norovirus virus diseases Outbreak Articles Odds ratio Gastroenteritis Infectious Diseases Communicable Disease Control Parasitology Seasons business |
| Zdroj: | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
| ISSN: | 1476-1645 0002-9637 |
| Popis: | The study investigated the genotypic changes and epidemiologic features of norovirus outbreaks and factors influencing the attack rate and outbreak duration in Wuxi from 2014 to 2018. Norovirus outbreaks, monitored through surveillance system, were investigated. The norovirus-positive specimens from outbreaks were collected and genotyped using a dual polymerase-capsid genotyping protocol based on a one-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicon. The genotypes were analyzed by Norovirus Typing Tool Version 2.0. A total of 74 norovirus outbreaks were reported in Wuxi from 2014 to 2018. Most (93.2%) norovirus outbreaks were caused by GII genotypes. The predominant norovirus genotypes in outbreaks have changed from GII.17 (20.3%) in 2014–2015 to GII.P16/GII.2 (40.5%) in 2017–2018. GII.P16/GII.2 in 2017–2018 season were more prevalent than GII.17 in 2014–2015 season (χ2 = 4.741, P = 0.029). 56.7% of the outbreaks occurred in primary schools. The re-outbreak rate was 16.2%. 66.7% of re-outbreaks were caused by norovirus variants different from previous genotypes. Outbreaks in nonprimary school settings (odds ratio [OR]: 4.007; 95% CI: 1.247–12.876) and those leading to temporary school or institution closure (OR: 20.510; 95% CI: 1.806–232.937) were reported with a higher attack rate. The outbreaks in primary schools (OR: 4.248; 95% CI: 1.211–14.903), re-outbreaks (OR: 6.433; 95% CI: 1.103–37.534) and longer report timing (OR: 8.380; 95% CI: 2.259–31.089) declared a significantly longer duration. It is of great importance that the monitoring of norovirus outbreaks for the emergence of novel strains, along with responsive prevention and control intervention should be strengthened in adults and school-age population, especially in primary students and preschool children. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|