BMP Optimization to Improve the Economic Viability of Farms in the Upper Watershed of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China
| Autor: | Qianru Gong, Andrew N. Sharpley, Xiaoyan Wang, Runzhe Geng, Peihong Yin |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Watershed
lcsh:Hydraulic engineering Integrated farming 0208 environmental biotechnology Geography Planning and Development Buffer strip 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Aquatic Science 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Agricultural science best management practices lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes lcsh:TC1-978 typical farms Nonpoint source pollution 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology lcsh:TD201-500 Agroforestry business.industry IFSM model nonpoint source pollution Manure 020801 environmental engineering Tillage Agriculture Environmental science Surface runoff business |
| Zdroj: | Water; Volume 9; Issue 9; Pages: 633 Water, Vol 9, Iss 9, p 633 (2017) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4441 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w9090633 |
| Popis: | Best management practices (BMPs) are being implemented to reduce non-point sources pollution in China and worldwide. There are many types of agricultural BMPs, but their effectiveness differs from farm to farm, depending on where they are applied, how they are applied, and how they are impacted by weather. Two farms (village Nan Wayao, VNWY and village Liu Jianfang, VLJF) with differing farm systems (crop-based mixed farm and dairy-based farms) located in the upper watershed of Miyun reservoir, Beijing, China were selected. We used the Integrated Farming System Model (IFSM) based on these two farms information to estimate total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) loss from 2000 to 2014, to identify (1) causes of farm nutrient imbalances, (2) key factors causing the imbalances, and (3) viable BMPs to reduce source and TN runoff at the farm scale. Results indicated that these farms had TP losses ranging from 8.2 to 160 kg/ha/year and TN losses from 73.7 to 1391.6 kg/ha/year. Using IFSM, physical (i.e., soil bulk density, available water content, and soil-P) and economic (i.e., diesel and farm loan interest rates) factors are more influential in determining nutrient loss from VNWY than VLJF. Rainfall patterns had a little effect on nutrient use and loss on the dairy farm in VLJF. Changes in available water content and soil bulk density had greater impact on the return for VNWY than VLJF, while changes in loan interest rates were more influential on VLJF. Maximum reductions in nutrient loss were obtained with implementation of the BMPs conservation tillage, reduced fertilizer and manure applications, buffer strips, and storage of poultry manure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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