Additive and synergistic interactions amongst Orius laevigatus (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae), entomopathogens and azadirachtin for controlling western flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
| Autor: | Hans-Michael Poehling, Philip Pallmann, Jacinter A. Otieno |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
biology Thrips Metarhizium anisopliae Thripidae biology.organism_classification 01 natural sciences Anthocoridae Western flower thrips 010602 entomology chemistry.chemical_compound Horticulture Azadirachtin chemistry Animal ecology Insect Science Botany Orius Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Popis: | This study evaluated the efficacy of the foliage-dwelling predator Orius laevigatus, soil applied entomopathogens and azadirachtin alone and in combinations for controlling western flower thrips (WFT). Evaluated products were Nemastar®Steinernema carpocapsae (E-nema) and O. laevigatus (Re-natur), Metarhizium anisopliae isolate ICIPE-69 and NeemAzal-T (azadirachtin) (Trifolio). Efficacy against WFT was significantly improved by combined treatments achieving 62–97 % reduction in WFT emergence, compared to 45–74 % in single treatments, and interactions resulted in two synergistic and eight additive responses. Metarhizium-based treatments reduced WFT survival by 93–99.6 % when late mortality by mycosis was considered. Halving the number of released predators did not significantly reduce efficacy (86–96 vs. 76–88 % thrips reduction), and when Orius was introduced to target L1 of WFT, 96–98 % reduction was achieved while only 71–89 % for L2. Early release of O. laevigatus and combination with soil application of NeemAzal-T and/or entomopathogens can be a successful and reliable biocontrol strategy for WFT. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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