Decomposing cover crops modify root-associated microbiome composition and disease tolerance of cash crop seedlings
| Autor: | Maria P. J. Hundscheid, S. Emilia Hannula, Paulien J. A. Klein Gunnewiek, Xiaojiao Liu, Wietse de Boer, Anna Clocchiatti, Xiaogang Li, Wei Ding |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Microbial Ecology (ME), Terrestrial Ecology (TE) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Disease tolerance
Cash crop Bulk soil Soil Science Cash crops Rhizoctonia Microbiology Damping-off Soil management Rhizoctonia solani Cover crop Bodembiologie biology Cover crops fungi Root microbiome food and beverages 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Soil Biology biology.organism_classification PE&RC Agronomy international 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Sugar beet Plan_S-Compliant_OA |
| Zdroj: | Soil Biology and Biochemistry 160 (2021) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 160 Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 160:108343. Elsevier B.V. |
| ISSN: | 0038-0717 |
| Popis: | The assembly of root-associated microbes during the seedling stage has strong impact on subsequent performance of crops. Major factors influencing this assembly are crop species identity and composition of potential root-colonizing microbes in the bulk soil. The latter can be modified by soil management, such as organic amendments. The incorporation of residues of cover crops before the start of the growing season of cash crops presents an interesting option for steering of root-associated seedling microbiomes as there is a wide range of cover crops species with different properties available for farmers. In a greenhouse study, we examined the effect of soil amendments with milled shoot and root materials of seven cover crop species (niger seed, phacelia, rapeseed, radish, vetch, black oat and buckwheat) on the assembly of root-associated bacteria and fungi of seedlings of four cash crop species (asparagus, carrot, onion and sugar beet). Field-grown cover crops material used for the study was collected at two time points (before and after winter) which had strong impact on plant elemental composition. The soil used for the study was a mixture of sandy arable soils with a history of soil-borne fungal diseases (Fusarium and Rhizoctonia). Within the context of a strong selection of root-associated microbes by cash crop species, we found significant modifying effects by cover crop materials. We show that cover crop elemental composition had a stronger effect than cover crop species identity. High quality residues (with low C/N ratio) caused profound shifts within root-associated Proteobacteria and increases in relative abundance of certain microbial groups such as Bacillaceae and Mortierellomycetes. These changes coincided with differences in establishment and survival of cash crop seedlings. Tolerance of sugar beet seedlings against the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani was correlated with residues causing increases of root-associated Oxalobacteraceae, Bacillaceae and Mortierellaceae. However, the same residues increased Fusarium-induced failure of asparagus seed germination. This indicates that fine-tuning of cover crops amendments for different cash crops is required to realize enhanced functioning of root microbiomes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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