Virucidal action of sore throat lozenges against respiratory viruses parainfluenza type 3 and cytomegalovirus

Autor: Adrian Shephard, Stela Zybeshari
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Time Factors
TCID50
tissue culture infectious dose 50%
viruses
Antibiotics
ASTM
American Society for Testing and Materials
Hexylresorcinol
Cytomegalovirus
AMC
amylmetacresol
Parainfluenza virus
Cresols
chemistry.chemical_compound
PIV3
parainfluenza virus type 3
Sore throat
RPMI
Roswell Park Memorial Institute
Respiratory tract infections
Amylmetacresol
virus diseases
Viral Load
2
4-Dichlorobenzyl alcohol
EBV
Epstein–Barr virus
medicine.symptom
HEPES
4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethanesulfonic acid
Tablets
medicine.drug
Respiratory tract infection
medicine.drug_class
SARS-CoV
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
RTI
respiratory tract infection
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Antiviral Agents
Article
MEM
minimum essential medium
Virology
medicine
Humans
Benzyl Alcohols
Pharmacology
Microbial Viability
ATCC
American Type Culture Collection
business.industry
CMV
cytomegalovirus
DCBA
2
4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol
PIV
parainfluenza virus
Symptomatic relief
Parainfluenza Virus 3
Human
chemistry
Immunology
RSV
respiratory syncytial virus
business
Lozenge
Zdroj: Antiviral Research
ISSN: 0166-3542
DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.09.012
Popis: Highlights • Amylmetacresol/2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol lozenge showed virucidal effects against parainfluenza virus and cytomegalovirus. • Hexylresorcinol lozenge showed virucidal effects against parainfluenza virus. • Mean reductions in viral titre were significantly greater compared with their respective placebo lozenge. • Peak virucidal effects were observed following 1 min of incubation in vitro.
Most respiratory tract infections are self-limiting and caused by viruses, and do not warrant antibiotic treatment. Despite this, patients with respiratory tract infections often receive antibiotics, fuelling the rise of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, there is a need to encourage patients to try alternative non-antibiotic therapies, which ideally treat the symptoms and the cause. Lozenges containing amylmetacresol and 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol (AMC/DCBA lozenges) as well as lozenges containing hexylresorcinol have been shown to provide effective symptomatic relief for sore throat. In this study, we investigated whether these lozenges also have virucidal effects in vitro against two viruses associated with respiratory tract infections, parainfluenza virus type 3 and cytomegalovirus. Both viruses were incubated with AMC/DCBA lozenge, placebo lozenge or the active ingredients (AMC/DCBA) as free substances, and parainfluenza virus type 3 was incubated with hexylresorcinol lozenge, placebo lozenge or hexylresorcinol as a free substance. Virucidal effects were observed with the active lozenges and the active ingredients as free substances against both parainfluenza virus type 3 and cytomegalovirus. Mean reductions in viral titre were significantly greater compared with placebo lozenge and peak effects were observed for the shortest incubation time, 1 min. These findings suggest that AMC/DCBA lozenge and hexylresorcinol lozenge have the potential to have local antiviral effects in patients with sore throat due to viral respiratory tract infections. Use of such over-the-counter treatments for self-limiting respiratory tract infections may satisfy patients’ desire for an anti-infective medication and reduce the demand for antibiotics.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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