Experimental infection of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) with West Nile virus strains of lineages 1 and 2
| Autor: | Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero, Norbert Nowotny, Jordi Figuerola, Elisa Pérez-Ramírez, Ramón C. Soriguer, Javier del Amo, Francisco Llorente |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Veterinary medicine
Viremia Microbiology biology.animal medicine Animals Experimental infection House sparrow Bird Diseases Sparrow Host competence General Veterinary biology Outbreak virus diseases General Medicine medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Biological dispersal Enzootic WNV lineage 1 and 2 Viral load Passer West Nile virus Sparrows West Nile Fever |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname Repositorio de Resultados de Investigación del INIA INIA: Repositorio de Resultados de Investigación del INIA Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA |
| Popis: | West Nile virus (WNV) is a zoonotic pathogen which is maintained in an enzootic cycle between mosquitoes and birds; humans, equines, other mammals and some bird species are dead-end hosts. Lineage 1 WNV strains have predominated in Europe since the 1960s. However, in 2004 lineage 2 strains emerged in Hungary and Russia, respectively, spreading since then to a number of neighbouring countries (e.g., Austria, Greece, Italy, Serbia and Romania). Wild bird mortality is a hallmark of North American WNV outbreaks, a feature uncommon in Europe. This study aimed to compare the course of infection of lineage 1 (NY99) and lineage 2 (Austria/2008) WNV strains in the house sparrow, a bird species common in Europe and North America. House sparrows were inoculated with either NY99 or Austria/2008 WNV strains, or sham-inoculated, and clinical and analytic parameters (viraemia, viral load, antibodies) were examined until 14 days after inoculation. Although all inoculated sparrows became infected, no mortality or clinical signs were observed due to the infection. However, the magnitude and duration of viraemia were higher for NY99 - than for Austria/2008 - infected birds. The house sparrow proved to be a competent host for both strains, although the competence index calculated for NY99 was higher than for Austria/2008. Viral load in tissues and swabs was also higher in NY99-inoculated sparrows. In conclusion, the house sparrow is a convenient avian model for studying host competence of WNV strains. The observed differences between NY99 and Austria/2008 strains might have important epidemiological consequences for disease incidence and dispersal capacity. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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