Factors Affecting the Stabilization of Mn Spinel Capacity upon Staring and Cycling at High Temperatures
| Autor: | A. Antonini, G. Pistoia, Carlo Bellitto, Mauro Pasquali |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Renewable Energy
Sustainability and the Environment Spinel Doping Analytical chemistry chemistry.chemical_element Mineralogy Electrolyte engineering.material Condensed Matter Physics Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials Chromium chemistry.chemical_compound chemistry Ternary compound X-ray crystallography Materials Chemistry Electrochemistry engineering Fade Capacity loss |
| Zdroj: | Scopus-Elsevier |
| ISSN: | 1945-7111 0013-4651 |
| DOI: | 10.1149/1.1838705 |
| Popis: | Doped and undoped Mn spinels have been evaluated at 55°C in terms of capacity losses upon cycling and storage. The influence of such factors as doping, electrolyte nature, voltage range and constant- or floating-potential storage have been evaluated. Spinels of composition Li 1.02 M 0.05 Mn 1.95 O 4 (M = Ga or Cr) exhibit fade rates of 0.15 to 0.20 mAh/g cycle vs. 0.28 mAh/g cycle for the undoped spinel. This reduction may still be unsatisfactory from a practical standpoint, but it is enhanced by two different approaches: (i) storing a cell for some days at 55°C in, e.g., LiBF 4 -EC/PC; (ii) making a double substitution in the spinel, e.g., with Ga and Cr. The first approach brings the fade rate to 0.07 mAh/g cycle for both Ga-doped (2.5 mol %) and undoped spinel, whereas the second one allows a reduction to 0.05 mAh/g cycle, that is less than 0.05%/cycle. These rates of capacity loss are the lowest reported thus far at 55°C. By properly tuning the Li, Ga, and Cr content of the spinel, it seems possible to have simultaneously good average capacities (∼110 mAh/g in 100 cycles) and limited fade rates at 55°C. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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