The Sophisticated Transcriptional Response Governed by Transposable Elements in Human Health and Disease
Autor: | Beatrice Bodega, Valeria Ranzani, Benedetto Polimeni, Rebecca Vadalà, Federica Marasca, Erica Gasparotto |
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Přispěvatelé: | Marasca, F, Gasparotto, E, Polimeni, B, Vadalà, R, Ranzani, V, Bodega, B |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
Transposable element
co-option Review Computational biology Disease Biology genome plasticity Catalysis DNA sequencing Evolution Molecular Inorganic Chemistry Transcriptome lcsh:Chemistry chemistry.chemical_compound Humans Physical and Theoretical Chemistry next generation sequencing approaches Molecular Biology lcsh:QH301-705.5 Spectroscopy Genome Human Organic Chemistry High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing RNA General Medicine cancer progression Computer Science Applications Next generation sequencing approache chemistry lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QD1-999 immune system response DNA Transposable Elements Transcriptional response Human genome transposable elements DNA |
Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 3201, p 3201 (2020) International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
Popis: | Transposable elements (TEs), which cover ~45% of the human genome, although firstly considered as “selfish” DNA, are nowadays recognized as driving forces in eukaryotic genome evolution. This capability resides in generating a plethora of sophisticated RNA regulatory networks that influence the cell type specific transcriptome in health and disease. Indeed, TEs are transcribed and their RNAs mediate multi-layered transcriptional regulatory functions in cellular identity establishment, but also in the regulation of cellular plasticity and adaptability to environmental cues, as occurs in the immune response. Moreover, TEs transcriptional deregulation also evolved to promote pathogenesis, as in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and cancers. Importantly, many of these findings have been achieved through the employment of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies and bioinformatic tools that are in continuous improvement to overcome the limitations of analyzing TEs sequences. However, they are highly homologous, and their annotation is still ambiguous. Here, we will review some of the most recent findings, questions and improvements to study at high resolution this intriguing portion of the human genome in health and diseases, opening the scenario to novel therapeutic opportunities. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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