Reduced peripheral blood mtDNA content is associated with impaired glucose‐stimulated islet β cell function in a Chinese population with different degrees of glucose tolerance

Autor: Meicen Zhou, Xuefeng Zhao, Fan Ping, Linbo Feng, Shuli He, Xiangli Cui, Yuxiu Li, Lixin Zhu, Wei Li
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
mitochondrial DNA content
glucose tolerance
Endocrinology
Diabetes and Metabolism
medicine.medical_treatment
Glutathione reductase
islet β cell function
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
DNA
Mitochondrial
Prediabetic State
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Endocrinology
Insulin resistance
Diabetes mellitus
Internal medicine
Insulin-Secreting Cells
Internal Medicine
medicine
Diabetes Mellitus
Humans
Research Articles
Glycated Hemoglobin
Glucose tolerance test
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Insulin
Glucose Tolerance Test
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Prognosis
Oxidative Stress
030104 developmental biology
Postprandial
Glucose
Basal (medicine)
Case-Control Studies
Hyperglycemia
Homeostatic model assessment
Female
Insulin Resistance
business
Biomarkers
Research Article
Follow-Up Studies
Zdroj: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
ISSN: 1520-7560
1520-7552
Popis: Aims Our aim is to explore the associations between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content and basal plasma glucose, plasma glucose after oral glucose administration and oxidative stress in a Chinese population with different levels of glucose tolerance. We also aimed to investigate the effect of mtDNA content on basal and oral glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Methods Five hundred and fifty-six Chinese subjects underwent a 75-g, 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Subjects with diabetes (n = 159), pre-diabetes (n = 197) and normal glucose tolerance (n = 200) were screened. Blood lipid profile was assessed, and levels of the oxidative stress indicators superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase (GR) and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) were measured. Levels of HbA1c, plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide were also determined. Measurements were taken at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min after 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Peripheral blood mtDNA content was assessed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and Matsuda index (ISIM). Basal insulin secretion index (HOMA-β), early phase disposition index (DI30) and total phase disposition index (DI120) indicate insulin levels at different phases of insulin secretion. Results Peripheral blood mtDNA content was positively associated with DI30 and DI120 and was negatively associated with plasma glucose measured 30, 60 and 120 min after oral glucose administration. However, there was no correlation between mtDNA content and basal insulin secretion (HOMA-β), serum lipid or oxidative stress indicators (8-oxo-dG, superoxide dismutase, GR). HbA1c was negatively associated with GR (r = −0.136, p = 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that reduced peripheral blood mtDNA content increased the risk of impaired glucose-stimulated β cell function (DI30: β = 0.104, p = 0.019; DI120: β = 0.116, p = 0.009). Conclusions Decreased peripheral blood mtDNA content was more closely associated with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion than with basal secretion. Reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion causes postprandial hyperglycaemia. The oxidative stress was probably largely influenced by hyperglycaemia; it was probably that the decreased mt DNA content led to hyperglycaemia, which caused elevated oxidative stress. © 2016 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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