The simulation of wildland-urban interface fire evacuation: The WUI-NITY platform
| Autor: | Chunyun Ma, Harry Mitchell, Erica D. Kuligowski, Enrico Ronchi, Max Kinateder, Guillermo Rein, Jonathan Wahlqvist, Noureddine Bénichou, Steven M. V. Gwynne, Amanda Kimball |
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| Přispěvatelé: | National Institute of Standards & Technology(NIST) |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Situation awareness
Computer science Interface (Java) Human Factors 0211 other engineering and technologies Poison control 02 engineering and technology Pedestrian decision making 09 Engineering modelling Vulnerability assessment 021105 building & construction 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Wildland–urban interface Layer (object-oriented design) Safety Risk Reliability and Quality 11 Medical and Health Sciences 050107 human factors business.industry WUI 05 social sciences Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Modular design 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences wildland-urban interface evacuation Systems engineering business Safety Research fire |
| Zdroj: | Safety Science. 136:105145 |
| ISSN: | 0925-7535 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105145 |
| Popis: | Wildfires are a significant safety risk to populations adjacent to wildland areas, known as the wildland-urban interface (WUI). This paper introduces a modelling platform called WUI-NITY. The platform is built on the Unity3D game engine and simulates and visualises human behaviour and wildfire spread during an evacuation of WUI communities. The purpose of this platform is to enhance the situational awareness of responders and residents during evacuation scenarios by providing information on the dynamic evolution of the emergency. WUI-NITY represents current and predicted conditions by coupling the three key modelling layers of wildfire evacuation, namely the fire, pedestrian, and traffic movement. This allows predictions of evacuation behaviour over time. The current version of WUI-NITY demonstrates the feasibility and advantages of coupling the modelling layers. Its wildfire modelling layer is based on FARSITE, the pedestrian layer implements a dedicated pedestrian response and movement model, and the traffic layer includes a traffic evacuation model based on the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model. The platform also includes a sub-model called PERIL that designs the spatial location of trigger buffers. The main contribution of this work is in the development of a modular and model-agnostic (i.e., not linked to a specific model) platform with consistent levels of granularity (allowing a comparable modelling resolution in the representation of each layer) in all three modelling layers. WUI-NITY is a powerful tool to protect against wildfires; it can enable education and training of communities, forensic studies of past evacuations and dynamic vulnerability assessment of ongoing emergencies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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