Stress reactivity in preschool-aged children: Evaluation of a social stress paradigm and investigation of the impact of prenatal maternal stress
| Autor: | Maria Gilles, Fabian Streit, Tabea Send, Isabell Wolf, Marc Sütterlin, Manfred Laucht, Stephanie H. Witt, Michael Deuschle, M. Rietschel, Clemens Kirschbaum, Svenja Bardtke |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System Hydrocortisone Offspring Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Pituitary-Adrenal System 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Pregnancy Stress Physiological Stress test Humans Medicine Longitudinal Studies Risk factor Saliva Biological Psychiatry Social stress Psychological Tests Psychopathology Endocrine and Autonomic Systems business.industry Stressor Infant Newborn Infant medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Pregnancy Complications Psychiatry and Mental health Mental Health Prenatal stress Child Preschool Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Exercise Test Female business Stress Psychological 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Psychoneuroendocrinology. 101:223-231 |
| ISSN: | 0306-4530 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.11.002 |
| Popis: | Prenatal maternal stress is an established risk factor for somatic and psychological health of the offspring. A dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in offspring has been suggested as an important mechanism. However, the impact of prenatal stress on stress reactivity in preschool-aged children is not yet well understood. This is partly due to the fact that for this age group there is no stress test as well established as for older children and adults. In the present work a previously published stress test (Kryski et al., 2011) was evaluated in a large sample of 45-month-old children (n = 339). Furthermore, the relation between measures of prenatal maternal stress and cortisol reactivity was investigated. Prenatal stress was defined as psychopathology (self-report available for n = 339; expert-rating available for a subsample of n = 246) and perceived stress (n = 244) during pregnancy. The stress paradigm elicited significant increases in salivary cortisol 30 and 40 min after the test, and 60.8% of the children were classified as responders. Lower cortisol levels after the stress test were observed in the group of children with prenatal stress defined as maternal psychopathology (both self-reported and expert-rated). Maternal perceived stress as a continuous measure was not significantly associated with cortisol levels. However, when comparing children in the highest quartile of maternal perceived stress to all other children, significantly lower cortisol values were observed in the prenatally stressed group. The present study confirms the paradigm by Kryski et al. as an effective stress test for preschool-aged children. Moreover, it provides further evidence that prenatal stress impacts HPA axis reactivity. Future studies should target the timing, nature, and intensity of prenatal stressors and their effect on the stress response in offspring at different developmental stages. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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