In vivo assessment of pathogens toxicity on Daphnia magna using fluorescent dye staining
| Autor: | Wooil Choi, Yang-Hoon Kim, Taehwan Kim, Jiho Min, Sung Min Woo, Vu Quynh Anh Le |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Salmonella Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Daphnia magna Aquatic biomonitoring 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law Toxicology medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Daphnia Microbiology chemistry.chemical_compound Toxicity Tests medicine Animals Propidium iodide reproductive and urinary physiology Fluorescent Dyes 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Staining and Labeling biology fungi General Medicine biology.organism_classification Staining 010602 entomology chemistry Toxicity Shigella Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Ecotoxicology. 29:892-899 |
| ISSN: | 1573-3017 0963-9292 |
| Popis: | Daphnia has been widely used as an indicator species in aquatic biomonitoring for decades. Traditional toxicity assays based on lethality take a long time to assess, and the effect mode of contaminants is not clear. Because of the translucency of the Daphnia body and the application of fluorescent probes in cell staining, different intoxicated parts can be visualized. In this study, a double-staining method using two fluorescent dyes, Calcein AM (cell-permeant dye) and Propidium Iodide (cell-impermeant dye), was carried out on Daphnia magna exposed to six pathogens: Salmonella spp. (four strains) and Shigella spp. (two strains). The results showed that those bacteria caused different infections on daphnia depending on the age of this organism and bacterial concentrations. In detail, S. dublin and S. sonnei are the most harmful to Daphnia when they cause damage at smaller concentrations at the younger stage (3 weeks old). Interestingly, older Daphnia can give responses to nearly 10 CFU/ml to less than 100 CFU/ml of some bacteria strains. In another experiment, S. sonnei disturbed Daphnia after just 10 min of exposure, and Daphnia adapted to S. choleraesuis, S. typhi, and S. flexneri at the early stage (3 weeks old) after 1 h of exposure. Moreover, the damaged areas of the daphnia body were directly observed via a microscope, contributing to the understanding and the prediction of toxicity mechanisms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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